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试卷名称:GCT工程硕士（英语）历年真题试卷汇编9

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Working memory, or short-term memory, involves the ability to hold and use information in the immediate future.【C1】is only held in working memory for about 20 seconds. The challenge that students【C2】is to move information from their working memories into their long-term memories. If they don’t do this in about the first few minutes after receiving the information, that information can be lost. To keep this newly learned material from【C3】away, it needs to enter the network of the brain’s wiring. After repeated practice, working memories are set down as permanent neuronal(神经的)circuits【C4】to be activated(激活)when the information is needed. When a memory has been recalled【C5】its neuronal circuits are more highly developed because of their repeated activation. 【C6】exercising a muscle, these circuits then become more efficient and easier to access and activate. Practice results【C7】repeated stimulation of the memory circuit. Like hikers along a path【C8】eventually leave a depression in the road, repeated practice stimulates cells in the memory circuit such that the circuit is reinforced and becomes【C9】This means it can be quickly turned from off to on, and switched【C10】through a variety of cues coming in from the senses.

【C1】

A．Material

B．Information

C．Knowledge

D．Ability

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【C2】

A．have

B．take

C．face

D．hold

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【C3】

A．slipping

B．turning

C．moving

D．stepping

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【C4】

A．useful

B．good

C．open

D．ready

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【C5】

A．usually

B．often

C．well

D．soon

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【C6】

A．During

B．By

C．Like

D．Unlike

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【C7】

A．in

B．at

C．from

D．with

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【C8】

A．where

B．which

C．what

D．who

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【C9】

A．stronger

B．weaker

C．longer

D．shorter

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【C10】

A．over

B．back

C．off

D．on

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Working memory, or short-term memory, involves the ability to hold and use information in the immediate future.【C1】______is only held in working memory for about 20 seconds. The challenge that students【C2】______is to move information from their working memories into their long-term memories. If they don’t do this in about the first few minutes after receiving the information, that information can be lost. To keep this newly learned material from【C3】______away, it needs to enter the network of the brain’s wiring. After repeated practice, working memories are set down as permanent neuronal(神经的)circuits【C4】______to be activated(激活)when the information is needed. When a memory has been recalled【C5】______its neuronal circuits are more highly developed because of their repeated activation. 【C6】______exercising a muscle, these circuits then become more efficient and easier to access and activate. Practice results【C7】______repeated stimulation of the memory circuit. Like hikers along a path【C8】______eventually leave a depression in the road, repeated practice stimulates cells in the memory circuit such that the circuit is reinforced and becomes【C9】______This means it can be quickly turned from off to on, and switched【C10】______through a variety of cues coming in from the senses.

Imagine a product that can be used as medicine, a cleaning agent and a beauty treatment. You can eat it, drink its juice, and【C1】______essential oil from it. It is available all over the world, and is inexpensive. You may even have one in your kitchen【C2】______What is it? The lemon! It is thought that lemons【C3】______in Southeast Asia. From【C4】______they were gradually carried westward toward the Mediterranean. Lemon trees thrive in mild【C5】______which is why they grow so well in places like Italy, Mexico, Spain, and even parts of Africa and Asia. A mature tree, depending on the variety and location, can produce【C6】______from 200 to 1, 500 lemons a year. The cultivated(培育的)varieties【C7】______in different periods, making it possible to harvest lemons all year round. You don’t need lots of space to grow a lemon tree. Even a sunny balcony(阳台)is enough,【C8】______small lemon trees can be grown in pots and can make your house beautiful. They like sunny, wind-free spots where they can soak up the warmth,【C9】______against a wall. However, if the temperature drops a lot during the winter, they need to be【C10】______or brought indoors.

There once was a master who came to India, perhaps from Persia. When he got there, he saw a lot of【C1】______. In India they have plenty of fruit to sell, but much of it is expensive. So he saw a big basket of some very red, long fruit, the cheapest in the shop. He bought a whole kilogram of the fruit and started【C2】______it. But after he ate some of it, his eyes and mouth【C3】______and burned, and his face became red. He coughed and choked, jumping up and down. But he still continued to eat the fruit! Some people who were【C4】______him said, “ Those are hot peppers! People use them as a flavor, but only a little bit to put into food for【C5】______. You can’t just eat them【C6】______that; they’re not fruit!“ But the stupid master said, “No, I can’t stop! I【C7】______money for them, and now I’ll eat them. It’s my money!“ And you think that master was stupid, right?【C8】______, we sometimes do a lot of things like that. We invest money, time or effort in a relationship, business or job. Even though bitter experience tells us it won’t work, we still continue just【C9】______we’ve invested money, time, effort and love into it. Just like the man who ate the peppers and【C10】______so much but couldn’t stop because he didn’t want to waste the money he’d paid.

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