If you are a fan of science fiction, you’ve no doubt encountered the term nanotechnol-ogy. Yet over the past year also, a series of breakthroughs have transformed nanotech from sci-fi fantasy into a real world. Applied science, in the process, inspired huge investments by business, academia, and government. In industries as diverse as health care, computers, chemicals, and aerospace, nanotech is overhauling production techniques, resulting in new and improved products, some of which may already be in your home or workplace. The inspiration for nanotech goes back to a 1959 speech by the late physicist Richard Feynman, then a professor at the California Institute of Technology, titled “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom. “ Four decades later, Chad Mirkin, a Chemistry professor at Northwestern University’s $34 million nanotech center, used a nanoscale device to etch most of Feynman’s speech onto a surface the size of about 10 tobacco smoke particles. What accounts for the sudden acceleration of nanotechnology? A key breakthrough came in 1990, when researchers at IBM’s Almaden Research Center succeeded in rearranging individual atoms at will. Using a device known as a scanning probe microscope, the team slowly moved 35 atoms to spell the three-letter IBM logo, thus proving Feynman right. The entire Logo was less than three nanometers. Soon, scientists were not only manipulating individual atoms but “spray painting“ with them as well. Using a tool known as a molecular beam epitaxy, scientists have learned to create ultra fine films of specialized crystals, built up one molecular layer at a time. This is the technology used today to build read-head components for computer hard drives. The next stage in the development of nanotechnology borrows a page from nature. Building a supercomputer no bigger than a speck of dust might seem an impossible task, until one realizes that evolution solved such problems more than a billion years ago. Living cells contain all sorts of nanoscale motors made of proteins that perform myriad mechanical and chemical functions, from muscle contraction to photosynthesis. In some instances, such motors may be re-engineered, or imitated, to produce products and processes useful to humans. How are these biologically inspired machines constructed? Often, they construct themselves, manifesting a phenomenon of nature known as self assembly. The macromole-cules of such biological machines have exactly the right shape and chemical binding preferences to ensure that when they combine they will snap together in predesigned ways. For example, the two strands that make up DNA’s double helix match each other exactly, which means that if they are separated in a complex chemical mixture, they are still able to find each other easily.

According to the passage, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT______.

A．The two strands making up DNA’s double helix can find each other easily in a complex chemical mixture

B．Evolution has solved the problem of building a computer smaller than a speck of dust a long time before

C．DNA not only programs cells to replicate themselves but also instructs them how to assemble individual molecules into new materials

D．The read-head components for computer hard drives are constructed by means of the technology known as a molecular beam epitaxy

Which of the following is the function that nanoscale motors perform?

A．rearranging individual atoms.

B．manipulating individual atoms.

C．producing products and process.

D．photosynthesis and muscle concentration.

Who proved that Feynman’s concept, “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom“ was right?

A．Chad Mirkin at Northwestern University.

B．Researchers at Almaden Research Center.

C．Scientists manipulating atoms and “spray painting“.

D．A professor at the California Institute of Technology.

To______the structural imbalances in the budget, and also in the economy the Administration has given its support to a constitutional amendment. relinquish remedy compensate redress

Digging the garden with a spade is a very______task. I am exhausted after such two-hour’s work. industrious manual conscientious laborious

Simon’s letter was in such a casual scrawl, and in such pale ink, that it was ______. vague ambiguous illegible obscure

It didn’t seem to have______to her that once she was addicted to drug smoking, she could hardly give it up. But it did happen. happened took place occurred came about

President Clinton______power when the US economy was slow. presumed consumed resumed assumed

She______for a while and was unable to make a decision, so she asked for my help. flickered glittered faltered blinked

Although the media have paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee’s situations, not the availability of technology, that______a telecommuting arrangement. precipitates reciprocates anticipates apprehends

Different cultures are more prone to______certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. contract conduct confine conquer

Diana made a lot of effort to persuade her parents into______to her going to the United States to study business administration in MIT. contending contesting contenting consenting

Women have significant advantages over men in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they_____ radiation better. stand up to stand in for stand up for stand in with

Telecommuting—substituting the computer for the trip to the job—has been ______a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. hailed as drawn out borne out lodged in

It is not enough to observe behavior and______them with physiological events that occur at the same time. correlate comply correspond pertain

They______themselves______the politician because they hoped he would become president one day. At last he did. connected, with combined, with linked, up attached, to

If you are a fan of science fiction, you’ve no doubt encountered the term nanotechnol-ogy. Yet over the past year also, a series of breakthroughs have transformed nanotech from sci-fi fantasy into a real world. Applied science, in the process, inspired huge investments by business, academia, and government. In industries as diverse as health care, computers, chemicals, and aerospace, nanotech is overhauling production techniques, resulting in new and improved products, some of which may already be in your home or workplace. The inspiration for nanotech goes back to a 1959 speech by the late physicist Richard Feynman, then a professor at the California Institute of Technology, titled “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom. “ Four decades later, Chad Mirkin, a Chemistry professor at Northwestern University’s $34 million nanotech center, used a nanoscale device to etch most of Feynman’s speech onto a surface the size of about 10 tobacco smoke particles. What accounts for the sudden acceleration of nanotechnology? A key breakthrough came in 1990, when researchers at IBM’s Almaden Research Center succeeded in rearranging individual atoms at will. Using a device known as a scanning probe microscope, the team slowly moved 35 atoms to spell the three-letter IBM logo, thus proving Feynman right. The entire Logo was less than three nanometers. Soon, scientists were not only manipulating individual atoms but “spray painting“ with them as well. Using a tool known as a molecular beam epitaxy, scientists have learned to create ultra fine films of specialized crystals, built up one molecular layer at a time. This is the technology used today to build read-head components for computer hard drives. The next stage in the development of nanotechnology borrows a page from nature. Building a supercomputer no bigger than a speck of dust might seem an impossible task, until one realizes that evolution solved such problems more than a billion years ago. Living cells contain all sorts of nanoscale motors made of proteins that perform myriad mechanical and chemical functions, from muscle contraction to photosynthesis. In some instances, such motors may be re-engineered, or imitated, to produce products and processes useful to humans. How are these biologically inspired machines constructed? Often, they construct themselves, manifesting a phenomenon of nature known as self assembly. The macromole-cules of such biological machines have exactly the right shape and chemical binding preferences to ensure that when they combine they will snap together in predesigned ways. For example, the two strands that make up DNA’s double helix match each other exactly, which means that if they are separated in a complex chemical mixture, they are still able to find each other easily.

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Some people______in part the defeat of the revolution in France and Germany to the English diplomacy, do you agree? contributed attributed distributed owned

Small children can not______the difference between right and wrong. It is our duty to teach them. appreciate enjoy acknowledge confess

Building this road will______the construction of ten bridges, and then the total cost reaches 1 million US dollars. evolve involve revolve devolve

The school authority______against students’ smoking both in the classrooms and at home. resolved determined banned prohibited

The______meanings of the individual words do not help define all expressions like “Drop in any time. “ literary literature literal literate

According to the passage, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT______.

Which of the following is the function that nanoscale motors perform?

Scientists created ultra fine films of specialized crystals by means of______.

Who proved that Feynman’s concept, “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom“ was right?

It can be inferred that Richard Feynman has been______now.