Read this text taken from an article about electronic commerce. Choose the best answer from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap(8-12),mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not use any letter more than once. There is an example at the beginning(0). Electronic Commerce (0)C . Increasingly, no matter what business you are in, whether it be services, manufacturing, or the primary sector, the capacity to access and process information, and to interact more directly and speedily with suppliers and customers, is becoming the central means of creating value. Today, electronic commerce is having an effect on the way many New Zealanders do business.【P1】______.It has become clear that younger people especially are creating their own Internet-based businesses instead of working for someone else. Equally, a growing number of New Zealanders of all ages and from all walks of life are grasping the opportunities the Internet offers. All these businesses are creating exciting new products and services and are adding value and dynamism to the economy. 【P2】______Markets are changing and customers are becoming more demanding. Labor, products, and services flow ever more easily across international borders. 【P3】______. Just ten years later, some 360 million people around the world have Internet access, and the number of Internet users continues to grow rapidly. In 2000, IDC(a research company)estimates that the value of New Zealand’s Internet-based electronic commerce will exceed $800 million. That is not counting New Zealand’s wholesale electricity market, which in itself is worth a billion dollars annually, and which operates the first electricity trading system in the world accessible through the Internet. E-commerce is available to a multinational company.【P4】______ 【P5】______. The software that makes the Internet work is in the public domain. Anyone can install it for free. The Internet Service Providers(ISPs)who sell you Internet access are often owned by large companies, which also own the telecommunications networks over which the Internet runs, but they don’t own the Internet itself. No one does. Example:[*] A Although this new environment provides opportunities, it poses risks as well. B The Internet, on the other hand, is an open network. C At the beginning of the 1990s, no one had heard of the Internet, apart from a few researchers and academics. D It means that our business can operate in the global environment, participating in global networks and e-commerce means on-line trading, that is, buying and selling goods and services over electronic networks. E New opportunities for exporting, for creating new business, and for growing established businesses are resulting. F In 2000, the government launched an e-commerce strategy to encourage economic growth and innovation in New Zealand through promotion of e-commerce and technology-based business. G The emergence of the Internet in the 1990s has fuelled the recent rapid growth of electronic commerce, and this in turn is changing the nature of business.

Look at the statements below and the text about some ways to have a productive meeting with your boss on the opposite page. Which section(A, B, C or D)does each statement(1-7)refer to? For each statement(1-7), mark one letter(A.B.C or D)on your Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of these letters more than once. Example: 0 What you want to talk with your boss needs to be clear. [*] Have a Productive Meeting with Your Boss A At times, you will need to have formal meetings with your boss to clarify your job duties, decide how to solve problems on the job or update your boss about your progress. Most of all, schedule a meeting with your boss at a time that is convenient for both of you. Choose a time when you will not be rushed and are not likely to be interrupted or distracted. Make sure you and your boss have enough time to prepare before you meet. B Clear communication with your boss is essential if you want to do your job well. You can, and should, communicate with your boss regularly in an informal way, greeting your boss in the hallway or chitchatting in the break room. Prepare for the meeting with your boss by thinking about exactly what you want to discuss and what outcomes you hope to achieve. Write down any important points to make sure you don’t forget to bring them up in the meeting. C Meetings with the boss can be stressful and sometimes they don’t seem to accomplish much. Speak calmly and respectfully to your boss during your meeting. Stick to the issues at hand and do not bring up past problems you may have had. You ought to listen carefully to what your boss has to say. Don’t interrupt and do not respond in a defensive way. D Take notes during the meeting with your boss to make sure you don’t forget anything important afterward. Cover the most important issues in the meeting. If you have many issues to discuss, you may need to schedule more than one meeting. If someone becomes frustrated during the meeting, or if communication seems to be breaking down, suggest ending the meeting for now and continuing it at another time.

Read the article below about company mission statement and the questions on the opposite page. For each question(13-18), mark one letter(A,B,C or D)on your Answer Sheet. Developing a Mission Statement A company mission statement can be a powerful force to clearly define your company’s purpose for existence. In the beginning, your company was formed to accomplish something that did not exist in the marketplace, or to do a better job than existing companies. What was that special purpose? Small companies seldom take the time to discuss or write out their company mission, but they should. It will pay measurable financial dividends over time. The commitment to formulating a company mission can be critical to your company’s success. It helps keep management focused on preserving or strengthening the company’s unique competitive niche. It can also prevent panic and unwise marketing or spending responses to meet an indirect thrust by competitors into your market. The most successful company missions are measurable and definable project statements with emotional appeal that everyone knows and can act upon. For example, a mission to “be the best healthcare provider in the world“ for a multinational Health Maintenance Organization sounds good. But a simple mission statement from Honda “Beat GM!“ is better because it’s a project statement that can be measured every day by every employee. Mission statements can also affect company strategies and tactics. If Honda Motors were to change its mission to “Beat Toyota!“, different strategies would be called for, along with different geographic tactics in sales, advertising, and distribution of cars. How important is it to define your company’s mission? Consider a famous U. S. refrigerator manufacturer whose sales were growing only at the rate of new home-building during the 1950s. They undertook a year-long project to define whether they were in the business of building refrigerators to preserve food or in the business of food preservation. They decided they were in the business of food preservation, which got them eventually into new product and business areas such as artificial atmospheres(e. g., nitrogen for fresh fruit preservation, freeze-drying technologies)and increased their sales from hundreds of millions of dollars to several billion dollars by the 1980s. Mission statements can be difficult to write. Companies spend months and years attempting to clearly define the best mission statement for current circumstances. Companies that have a clear vision, and management that can articulate it and communicate it to all employees, have the basis for a call-to-action mission statement. A call-to-action mission statement provides key attributes that are often missing in other company mission statements. First, it elicits an emotional, motivational response in company employees. Second, it is easily understood and can be transferred into individual action every day. Third, it is a measurable, tangible goal. Last, it is firmly rooted in the competitive environment in which the company operates. A good mission statement provides vision and direction for the company for at least 10 to 20 years and should not have to be revised every few years with changes in the company’s environment. But the company mission statement must be revised if it is no longer appropriate or has lost significance or relevance.

Read the article below about a well-grounded compensation system design. Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page. For each question(19-33), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet. There is an example at the beginning(0). Well-Designed System Is Complicated A compensation system has an important(0)A in a company. An ideal compensation system can motivate employees to【C1】______their job performance. An organisation can use【C2】______compensation to retain talented employees. Retaining talented employees is important because they help organisations grow and earn high【C3】______.A well-constructed compensation system is the key to an organisation being【C4】______and prosperous. There are a number of【C5】______that need to be addressed when developing your compensation systems to ensure they【C6】______with your organizational strategy and objectives. One key to remember is that your compensation strategy must help to create the work【C7】______you want. How you structure your systems and manage the internal and external equity issues, will directly【C8】______the culture of your organisation. A compensation philosophy is【C9】______to guide the design and complexity of your compensation programmes: this is done by【C10】______your goals and objectives,【C11】______your competitiveness in attracting and retaining employees, your emphasis on internal and/or external equity, and whether performance is tied to increases. Understanding what【C12】______you want to achieve between direct salary and indirect benefit is critical in developing your【C13】______total compensation approach. A consistent philosophy provides a strong foundation for both the organisation and the employee. Without a philosophy, leaders often find themselves【C14】______of what to offer as a starting salary for a new employee. This can lead to offering too high a total compensation package for a new employee in【C15】______existing employees, or being unable to successfully hire because the total compensation offer is too low to be competitive. Compensation systems must be consistent with the existing legislation in the areas of Labour Standards, equal pay, human rights, employment insurance, pension or retirement benefits, labour relations and occupational health and safety. Example: A role B part C factor D reason [*]

Read the article below about the function of a project coordinator. In most of the lines(34-45), there is one extra word. It either is grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct. If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet. If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. The exercise begins with two examples(0 and 00). [*] What Is a Project Coordinator? 0 A project coordinator is an administrative professional who assists on a project that is usually 00 outsourced on to a client/contractor basis. Projects that are outsourced will often require a 【M1】project coordinator who is assists the client and another separate project coordinator who 【M2】assists the contractor. In this case, both coordinators work in tandem to ensure smooth 【M3】communication between both sides of the project team. Project coordinators never juggle a 【M4】combination of responsibilities, including on communication and schedule management, 【M5】coordinating meeting materials, and assisting in project team members with transportation or 【M6】relocation if necessary. As for most projects involve the collaboration of two or more 【M7】separate organisations, one of the ever most vital coordinator qualifications is strong 【M8】with communication skills. A project coordinator will often be called upon to confirm certain 【M9】deliverables with the client or this contractor, in order to ensure that the project is not 【M10】impeded by communication mix-ups. The coordinator will be expected to actually 【M11】communicate clearly and professionally by email, phone, and other media to ensure that 【M12】project members are total all on the same page and working as efficiently as possible.