Nipponex Electrics Tokyo, Japan 27 August, 2012 Amperlite Ltd 146 O’Leary St Dublin, Ireland Dear Sirs, Improved ways of production make us able to offer you our change of Drilite batteries(电池)at a reduced price for large quantities. Further information of the new prices for your market are sent to you together with the letter, and you will see that the price has already reduced 5 percent. As c. i. f(成本、保险加运费)to Dublin is included in our prices, you will agree that they are clearly lower than those of producers of the same batteries, both here in Japan and elsewhere. The quality of our products remains the same—only the finest chemicals are used. The new prices are for the least orders of 1,000 pounds and will begin from January 1. Immediate sending off is sure because enough can be made whenever you require it. We appreciate your past dealing and cooperation(合作)with us, and look forward to supplying you in the new year at the new prices. Yours truly, Nipponex Electrics

Where did Mary go?M: Hi, Mary, you’re back 1 How was New York? W: Great! Have you ever been there? M: No. W: I think it’s probably my favorite city. M: Really? What’s so great about it? I heard it was quite dirty. W: In some parts, maybe. But there’s just so much going on, the theaters, restaurants, shops and museums. They make London and Paris look like country towns. The only problem was the weather. It was freezing. M: What a shame! New York. London. Paris.

When will the man meet these people wanting to visit the company?M: You know these people who want to visit the company? W: Yes. You are meeting them next week, aren’t you? M: Hum. Where should I take them, the office perhaps? W: I suppose you prefer this office because it is more comfortable. M: Well. I did think here, yes. But maybe the factory somewhere. W: I think they prefer to see where our products are made. M: OK, I’ll meet them there. This week. Next month. Next week.

What did the person do every day?Now, I want to tell you a story about a strange person whose name was not known to us. In fact, no one cares about his name but his strange behavior. He always went to the same beer house at the same time every day and asked for two glasses of beer. Then he drank them himself. After that, he asked for another two glasses of beer and drank them the same way. One day the waitress in the beer house was so curious to hold her peace that she asked him, “ Why do you always ask for two glasses of beer? Why not get one big glass instead?“ The person smiled and answered, “Because I don’t like to drink alone. Two glasses mean that I drink with my friend. One glass is for me, and the other for him. “ But a few days later the person came in and asked only for one glass of beer. “ Oh,“ said the waitress, “ is there anything wrong with your friend? Has he died?“ “Oh, no,“ said the person, “He is very well. This glass of beer is just for him. But I have stopped drinking beer. My doctor does not want me to drink any more because it is dangerous for me. “ He drank a big glass of beer. He went to the same beer house. He drank with a different friend.

假设你是李明，正在英国牛津大学参加短期语言培训，计划星期天去伦敦旅游。你在互联网上看到了一则广告如下： Places to visit: Big Ben, London Eye, Buckingham Palace Transport: Bus Price: ￡ 45 Start-time: 6:30 a.m. Pick-up: Anywhere in Oxford For information, contact: Tel: 01865-783279 E-mail: C Travel@service.uk 如果你还有一些具体信息要咨询，请给旅行社发一封电子邮件，询问有关情况。要点：是否有学生票价；费用是否含景点门票、午餐；去牛津的时间。参考词汇：牛津：Oxford；费用：fee；门票价钱：entrance fees 注意：词数：80左右

What happened to the author’s company five years ago?Five years ago, I had to make a big decision. At that time, I was working for a small engineering company. However, things were not going very well for the company and it was losing money. One day, the boss told us that the company was out of business. We were all unemployed. That lunch time we went to the pub as usual. We were all very depressed. Of course, we talked about the problem. Then the landlord of the pub heard the news. He said, “Why don’t you buy the company?“ At first we all laughed and then we started to discuss it properly. We knew the problems. The company had lost a lot of customers because it hadn’t developed new products, but finally we decided to go for it. So we bought the company. The first few years were very difficult. But we worked hard and we had a bit of luck. We began to improve 3 years ago. Since then we have done pretty well. Last year we took on 4 new people. And so far we have taken on another ten. It made a great progress. It developed a new type of product. It went out of business.

Susan: I’ m so glad to see you, David.【K1】______has been such a long time. How are you? David: I’ m fine, and you? Susan: I’m just wonderful. God, time goes by so quickly! Are you going to the air quality conference in London? David: I am. And I’ m really glad to see you. Just last night I found your name in the conference materials, but it didn’ t come to my【K2】______that we would meet on the plane. Susan: I’m afraid I haven’ t had time to look at【K3】______conference materials very carefully. I had no idea you were coming, but I am certainly glad to see you. I was feeling very nervous about going there【K4】______friends. David: I can imagine. My English has gotten not so fluent since I returned from the United States,【K5】______I’m rather nervous myself. But I saw that you were【K6】______ (give) the most important talk at the conference. Susan: 【K7】______ (frank)speaking, I’m scared to death about it. David: I’m just giving a talk in one of the workshop sections, and 1 hope I won’ t make all of you 【K8】______ (disappoint). Susan: But your English is much【K9】______ (good)than mine. David: But you’ re now the Director of the Air Quality Institute, so you【K10】______know the technical terms. Susan: Maybe. But I still can’ t understand totally a lot of technical terms in my field.

In period of the summer holidays there will be a revised schedule(修改过的时刻表)of services for the students. Changes for dining-room and library service hours and for bus schedules will be posted on the wall outside the dining-hall. Weekly film and concert schedules, which are being arranged(安排), will be posted each Wednesday outside the student club. During the summer holidays, buses going to the town centre will leave the main hall every hour on the half hour during the day. The dining-room will serve three meals a day from 7:00 a. m. to 7:00 p. m. during the week and two meals from noon to 7:00 p. m. on weekends. The library will continue its usual hours during the week,but has shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weekend hours are from noon to 5:00 p. m. All students who want to use the library lending services must have a new summer card. This announcement will also appear in the next week’s student newspaper.

Nipponex Electrics Tokyo, Japan 27 August, 2012 Amperlite Ltd 146 O’Leary St Dublin, Ireland Dear Sirs, Improved ways of production make us able to offer you our change of Drilite batteries(电池)at a reduced price for large quantities. Further information of the new prices for your market are sent to you together with the letter, and you will see that the price has already reduced 5 percent. As c. i. f(成本、保险加运费)to Dublin is included in our prices, you will agree that they are clearly lower than those of producers of the same batteries, both here in Japan and elsewhere. The quality of our products remains the same—only the finest chemicals are used. The new prices are for the least orders of 1,000 pounds and will begin from January 1. Immediate sending off is sure because enough can be made whenever you require it. We appreciate your past dealing and cooperation(合作)with us, and look forward to supplying you in the new year at the new prices. Yours truly, Nipponex Electrics

阅读下面的对话，根据其内容写一篇有关背包客backpackers的说明文。要求： 1．所写短文应与对话相关内容意义相符，涵盖其要点。 2．用你自己的语言来表达，可以改写对话中的句子，但不可以照抄原句。注意：词数80词左右。 Tom: I know you travel a lot. Have you ever met any backpackers? Alice: Yes, I have. Tom: Some tourists call themselves backpackers while others don’ t. But what exactly is a backpacker? Alice: It just means people who travel around in a backpack. I used to do that when I was younger. Tom: Really? Are backpackers all young people? Alice: No, they are of different ages, old and young, male and female. But the majority of them are young people. They would like to go out and see the world before they go to college, or settle down. Tom: Some backpackers think they are somehow different from other tourists. They would say, “I’m not a tourist, I’ m a traveler“ , or “I’ m not a tourist, I’ m a backpacker“ . What do you think? Alice: Some backpackers strongly identify themselves as a community other than tourists, and think they are better than tourists in some way. They would go to a place and only talk to other backpackers. But I’ m not really sure I can agree with that. Tom: which country are backpackers from, the United States? Alice: They are of different nationality. But people in some countries, say, Canada, do love to travel better. Tom: Well, good luck with your next travel! Alice: Thanks!

What are they going to do next Friday?M: Would you like to go to the ballet next Friday? I’ve got two tickets. W: Oh, that sounds like fun. They are going to watch movies. They are going to the ballet. They are going to the park.

What time will the woman most probably see the man?W: Would it be possible to see you today? M: Yes, my office hours are 10:30 to noon. W: I’ ve been having trouble with the homework. M: Come by anytime. We’ll talk about it. 10:00. 10:30. 13:30.

What do both of the speakers agree on?M: British English and American English are really the same, aren’ t they? W: I don’ t think so. It seems that some of the spellings are different. M: You’re right, Nina. Words like “theater“ and “center“ end in “re“in England instead of in“er“ like we spell them. Can you think of any more examples? W: The word “ color“ ? M: Good. Actually, many words which end in “or“ in American English are spelled “our“ in British English. W: OK. There are some differences in pronunciation and meaning. M: Anyway, we both agree that British English and American English are different. Right? W: Sure. I quite agree with you. British English and American English are the same in meaning. Not all the spellings in British English and American English are the same. British English is easier than American English.

Why did the girl invite Uncle Smith to dinner?W: Good morning, Uncle Smith. M: Good morning, Cathy. W: I want to have a dinner party to celebrate my birthday. Would you come? M: I’d love to, Cathy. What time? W: Next weekend, on Saturday. M: Saturday do you say? W: If that’ s all right with you. M: I’ m afraid I’m busy then. I’ ve already had plans. W: What about Sunday? M: I’ m sure it will be all right. W: Good, you’ d better come around 6:30 or 7：00, we’ll have time to chat a while. She liked him. She had no other friends. She wanted to have a birthday party.

In January 2009, during the first weeks of a six-month stay at the Children’ s Hospital of Philadelphia for leukemia(白血病)treatment, Michael wandered over to his hospital window in search of relaxation. The【C1】______first-grader watched a construction crew【C2】______on a 10-storey addition to the hospital.【C3】______Michael’ s third-floor window, Ritchie, an iron-worker from the East Falls section of Philadelphia,【C4】______and saw “this kid with no hair【C5】______face was pressed up to the window. I waved, and he smiled and【C6】______. I’ 11 never forget that,“ says Ritchie, a father of three. As winter【C7】______spring, Michael watched, fascinated(着迷), as 3,000 tons of steel【C8】______formed the skeleton of the building. One day he colored a message for the crew and held【C9】______up to the window; Hi, Local Iron Workers. I’m Mike. Ritchie and the【C10】______crew messaged back. Over the【C11】______months, as his treatment continued, Ritchie and the crew【C12】______Michael up and cheered him with【C13】______signs like Be Strong Mike.【C14】______the construction reached the third floor, Ritchie jumped across the【C15】______between the buildings and the two had a【C16】______chat. The hard hat with the tender heart wells up(涌出眼泪)when he thinks about it. “Michael【C17】______my life,“ says Ritchie. “I was a real hard-core(顽固不化的)person without a lot of sympathy. But I’d【C18】______seeing this kid every day waving at me and excited about the construction. I look at life【C19】______thanks to him. “ Today Michael is a 10-year-old third-grader in complete recovery. What does he hope to【C20】______when he grows up? “A construction worker,“ he says.

According to statistics, in 2007 more than 6,000 children were expulsed(开除)from US schools for bringing guns and bombs to school. The US Department of Education gave a report to the expulsions as saying handguns accounted for 58 percent of the 6,093 expulsions in 2003-2004, against 7 percent for rifles(步枪)or shotguns and 35 percent for other types of firearms. “The report is a clear sign that our nation’ s public schools are cracking down(严惩)on students who bring guns to school,“ Education Secretary Richard Riley said in a statement. “We need to be strong-minded about keeping guns out of our schools and do everything to keep our children safe. “ In March 2004, an 11 years old boy and 13 years old boy using handguns and rifles shot dead four children and a teacher at a school in Jones-boro, Arkansas. In October, two were killed and seven were wounded in a shooting at a Mississippi school. Two months later, a 14 years old boy killed three high school students and wounded five in Dasucah, Kentucky. Most of the expulsions, 56 percent, were from high schools, which have students from about age 13. 34 percent were from junior high schools and 9 percent were from elementary schools, the report said.

Urbanization Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.【B1】______ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. Britain was only the beginning.【B2】______ The process of urbanization—the migration(迁徙)of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms.【B3】______ Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.【B4】______ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city. Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.【B5】______ Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers. [A]That kept cities very small. [B]The rest live in small towns. [C]The effects of urban living on people should be considered. [D]Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies. [E]But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities. [F]Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive. [G]Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

From the letter, we can know______.

Which is NOT the reason of reduction of the price at 5 percent?

If the Irish expect to enjoy the 5% of reduction at prices, they should______.