Differences of Policemen Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV. The first difference is that a policeman’s real life revolves round criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down a street after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in chatting, he will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid, petty crimes. Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal; as soon as he’s arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks little effort is spent on searching. Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of difference evidence. At third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures; first, as members of a police force they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with the law; secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways. If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-mindedness—as he sees it—of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detectives feel, is that nine-tenths of their work is recatching people who should have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical.

Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. very boring very thorough very interesting very touching

Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. tensely nearly carefully closely

The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. destroyed broke changed smashed

He rolled up his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee. spread open show examine

It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow. ridiculous funny odd foolish

He is considered to be the most diligent student in class. kind-hearted hard-working short-sighted far-reaching

Play Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development. In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws (七巧板) and construction toys; painting, scribbling (涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others. By the third stage of play development -- from five to seven or eight years -- the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see Which type of toys the child most enjoys. Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed -- to a child of nine or ten years, toys. and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.The passage tells us that as a child grows up he should be allowed to choose his own toys. he should be given identical toys. he should be given different toys. he should be given fewer and fewer toys.

My Life at Renda I learned very quickly that being a teaching assistant (TA) at the University of Iowa　would be different from being a teacher at Renmin University. 【46】______ Eyes staring, mouths open, students examined my big nose, while I was writing my name on the blackboard. At Iowa, when my first classes began, half of my students still hadn’t arrived. When everyone finally found a seat, ringing cellphones and loud yawns (哈欠) interrupted my opening remarks. It is not that American students were disrespectful. 【47】______ They were, however, far more skeptical than the students I had at Renda. The truth is I couldn’t fault them for their skepticism. Undergraduates at large US universities - especially freshmen and sophomores - often have several classes a semester handled by TAs. In some cases, the TA sets the course content. 【48】______ Most have good intentions, but very few are as effective as professors. Every teacher has to confront obstacles to learning - no matter what the culture. Students who talk during lectures, students who cheat, students who question the grade they get for a paper or project - dealing with these is all part of the job. 【49】______ The difference, I think, is that in the US I had to swallow more of my pride. 【50】______ I had a responsibility to teach them, of course, but I had to do so indirectly - as a guide who himself had a few things to learn from the students. A. In my students’ minds, I had little to offer them, except perhaps some sample questions for the mid-term exam. B. In others, the TA works as a grader and discussion leader. C. I encountered these in China, and I faced them in the US. D. On the other hand, being taught by a graduate student is not necessarily bad. E. Most were polite, or at least, indifferent F. Back at Renda, I had walked into my first classes feeling like a celebrity.

Customers often defer payment for as long as possible. make demand obtain postpone

The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. different proud unconscious uncomfortable

He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines. supervise watch suspect predict

All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain logical, chemical, and physical characteristics in common. as a result of considering on purpose whatever

His strict upbringing inhibited him asking such stupid questions. instructed inquired forbad strived

The conclusion can be deduced from the premises. gone derived done come

Mary’s (perpetual) moaning nearly drove me mad. monotonous endless serious bitter

She persevered in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends. persisted insisted resisted suggested

The Food Scandal Widens As the scope of the food scandal widens in Taiwan—more than 200 firms and 500 products have been involved so far—some tainted commodities have been discovered in the mainland and the ripples of the DEHP(塑化剂) scare here call for a further response on the part of the authorities. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine has made the sensible decision to suspend the imports of Taiwan firms whose products have been confirmed as problematic. That was a necessary move, yet it is sufficient only to prevent a potential threat to public health from broadening further. At this point, the top priority for the safety authorities should be tracking down and recalling all the suspected beverages, snacks and perhaps raw materials from Taiwan. And it will do so, only if the quantity of problematic products in the mainland market is very, very small, as has been claimed by the companies themselves, and all of them are retractable. However, given the toxic nature of the plasticizer DEHP, its reportedly long existence in Taiwan’s food industry, as well as the latest report that the harmful substance was discovered in imported cosmetics, it might be more meaningful if the inspection extends beyond the designated items and product batches. Since some of the firms involved in the DEHP scandal have mainland subsidiaries, consumers need to know whether the food products they make and sell here are safe or not. Some of the firms involved have already claimed their mainland companies have independent suppliers, so their products on the mainland are free of DEHP. It would be wonderful if that is the truth. But that statement needs to be confirmed. And this is where our quality watchdogs should step in. Aside from worries about food products made in Taiwan, consumers here are wondering if DEHP, or any similar additive, has been used by local manufacturers. Since no inspection has been targeted specifically at DEHP, nobody can provide a definite answer. But considering the potentially high stakes, there has to be one. And we do not think it is a good idea for our authorities to wait until DEHP’s existence in food products becomes prevalent to launch a probe. Some speculations about the existence of DEHP in mainland food sectors might turn out to be groundless in the end. But because of its hazardous potential, even as a pre -emptive step, it is essential we act early.

Stanford University 1 Stanford University, famous as one of northern California’s several institutions of higher learning, is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West.“ The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the north, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan (世界性的) flavor. 2 The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high. Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes. 3 Not only because of the high caliber (素质) of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the world’s most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr. Felix Bloch, Dr. Robert Hofstadter, and Dr. William Shockley in physics, Dr. Author Kornberg and Dr. Joshua Lederberg in medicine, and Dr. Paul J. Flory and Dr. Linus Pauling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence. Stanford’s undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regarded. 4 What is student life like on “The Farm“? Culturally, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concerts, and operas are performed in the university’s several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held. Several film series are presented during the school year. Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather to socialize in the Student Union’s coffee house; here the beverages (饮料) and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities. Team sports, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part or the Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging. 5 In addition to financial support from alumni (校友), Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic (慈善的) foundations. In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology,, education, and atomic energy. At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program, financed in part by the Ford Foundation’s 25 million grant. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and undergraduate library.A.Colorful Life on Campus B.Intelligent Student Body C.School Administration D.Distinguished Faculty E. Substantial Financial Support F. The Harvard of the West

Pretty Good When Spanish football club Barcelona paid US $ 35 million for Ronaldinho last summer, they weren’t buying a pretty face. “I am______(51),“ admits the Brazilian superstar (超级明星). “But everyone has got a different kind of beauty. What I_______(52) have is charm. “ Indeed he has. His buck teeth (龅牙) , flowing hair, big smile, and of course his_______(53) skills are always eye-catching on the pitch. The 23-year-old striker(中锋) scored two goals in a 3-2 win over Deportivo La Coruna on March 1. It was Barcelona’s sixth win in a row and, thanks to their Brazilian’s 10-goal contribution,_______(54)looked like a poor season could now end a success. Ronaldinho—full name Ronaldo De Assis Moreira—is one of many South Americans who learned their skills playing in the backstreets before_______(55) them off on the world stage. Great things were_______(56) when Gremio signed him as a seven-year-old, and he soon became friends with Ronaldo, who was then the other young star of Brazilian football. It was Ronaldo who first called him Ronaldinho, which_______(57) Little Ronaldo. He first_______(58) for his country in 1999 but it was at the 2002 World Cup where he showed his real worth, scoring an unbelievable free-kick in Brazil’s quarter-final victory_______(59) England. “I have never failed to deliver in big matches,“ Ronaldinho says. “ My game is based on improvisation (即兴表演). Often a forward does not have the time to decide whether to shoot or_______(60). It is instinct that gives out the orders.“ While he may not have David Beckham’s good looks, Ronaldinho has a_______(61) reputation off the pitch. At former club Paris Saint Germain, which sold him to Barcelona, he broke_______(62) rules by going out and enjoying the city’s nightlife. “Without doubt, Ronaldinho is the most_______(63) player I have ever come across,“ says former PSG coach Luis Ferdandez. “The main “_______(64)“ for any coach is that one player without discipline can hurt the “whole team.“ But Ronaldinho doesn’t think he has done anything wrong. “I am just a young person who enjoys____(65),“ he says. handsome good-looking ugly attractive

It’s prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out. controversial reasonable sensible sensitive

A policeman has to be trained in criminal law because______.

What is the most suitable word that describes the work of a policeman according to the passage? ______

According to the passage, policemen spend most of their time and efforts______.

What’s the policeman’s biggest headache? ______

Why do policemen feel separated from the rest of the world? ______