It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services. A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a pubic good is national defense. One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person’s benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense. The market system does not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police force. Each neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $100 a year for it. Mrs. Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $100. The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason, we cannot ask each person to make a direct payment in the form of product price. Therefore, we collect money for public goods by using taxes.

W: Where are you going for your holidays, Charles? M: To Australia, I’m going to visit my uncle in Sydney for 3 weeks. W: Great You certainly are lucky. [8]How are you going there? M: [8]By air, of course. [9]It takes 2 weeks to go by sea. W: I used to think flying was very exciting until once I went to Singapore by air. M: Why? [10]Did you feel frightened? W: [10]Not at first, but then one of the engines caught fire. M: What did the pilot do? W: He put the fire out and flew the plane back to the airport. M: Did you land safely? W: Yes, we did. But I will never fly again. 8. How will Charles go to Australia for his holiday? 9. How long does it take to go to Australia by ship? 10. How did the woman feel about flying after she went to Singapore by air? By ship. By train. By plane. By bus.

How long did the speaker stay in Hollywood last Christmas? She stayed there for______.Last Christmas [16]I went to Hollywood for two weeks. My best Mend was living there. I traveled by plane to Los Angeles, which took 13 hours. [17]My friend picked me up at the airport and drove me in her car back to Hollywood. At first I was rather disappointed at the city [18] because it looked rather dirty. However, after I’d recovered from the flight, my friend started taking me to see some wonderful sights. [19]She lived in a beautiful house up in the mountains. The place was very beautiful and seemed like a part of another city. She drove me through all the expensive areas where the houses are absolutely enormous. [20]We went to Disneyland and spent a whole day there. I didn’t think I would enjoy it very much, but I did.

I could have called you yesterday, but I______your telephone number. didn’t have won’t have hadn’t had wouldn’t have

It was not until the accident happened______. when I realized my carelessness that I realized my carelessness as I realized my carelessness when my carelessness has been realized

Three new buildings ______ on the campus by the end of this year. will be built are going to be built will have been built have been built

He tried to solve the problem, but he (quick)______gave up.

Having worked as a psychologist with all kinds of people，I’ve learned that successful people aren’t necessarily the ones with the greatest natural talent．作为一个与各种人打过交道的心理学家，我深知那些成功人士未必都是天生奇才。作为一个具有各种人生经历的心理学家，我深知那些伟大的天才并非都是成功者。作为一个与各种人一起工作过的心理学家，我深知成功者大都不是天生奇才。

If you wish to apply for a student visa, you should fill in Form IM2A which you can get free of charge from the nearest British mission (领事馆) offering a visa service. You can only apply at the British mission in the country where you are living. Where there is none in the country concerned, or it does not offer a full service, another British mission will have been designated (指定) to handle applications.

王丽求职目标：寻求一份广州合资企业的经理工作工作经历： 2006年7月至今广州市外商投资企业行政与服务中心主管，负责指导投资与贸易活动。 2003年4月至2006年3月广州制药总厂行政部门主管，制定、掌管部门各方面运作并拟定工作日程安排。教育背景 1998年9月-2002年7月中山大学商业管理学士学位 1995年9月-1998年7月华师附中外语水平：英语阅读中级，口语流利个人资料：出生日期：1978年11月5日性别：女健康状况：良好婚姻状况：已婚 Words for reference：制药总厂General Pharmaceutical Factory 中山大学Sun Yat-sen University 华师附中the Affiliated High School of SCNU 阅读中级intermediate in reading

W: Our bedroom needs cleaning. Shall we clean it now? M: Thank you. But I can do it myself. Q: What does the woman offer to do? Clean the bedroom. Pack up for traveling. Water flowers. Cook the meal.

M: Helen, can I have a look at your newspaper? W: Sure, go ahead. M: I want to know what’s on this weekend. W: Is there anything interesting? M: The Red Roses are giving a performance today. W: [6]They are a pop group. They are said to be very good. What time does the performance start? M: 7 p.m. Will you be free then? W: Yes, I’d like to go. M: [7]Let’s go together then. W: All right. 6. What does the Red Roses refer to? 7. What have the two speakers decided to do? A performance. A pop group. The name of a theater. The name of a dancer.

If people can’t tell all kinds of colors, we can say they are color-blind. Most color-blind people can see【T1】______ but cannot tell red from green. Very few people are blind to all kinds of colors, but they may see black and white. It’s【T2】______that many color-blind people don’t think they are color-blind. Well, the reason is that they don’t know that they can’t see or name the real colors. This can be dangerous when a color-blind person is passing the【T3】______Some people are【T4】______color-blind. And though doctors have tested many times on the reason for color-blindness, there is still no good reason for it at all. So there is still no way to【T5】______the color-blindness.

John has never been on time, ______? has John hasn’t John has he hasn’t he

Our department has a large collection of books, ______ are in English. many of which many of them many ones their many

Finally the woman found her (lose)______child with the help of the police.

It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services. A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a pubic good is national defense. One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person’s benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense. The market system does not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police force. Each neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $100 a year for it. Mrs. Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $100. The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason, we cannot ask each person to make a direct payment in the form of product price. Therefore, we collect money for public goods by using taxes.

A—Buyer Behavior I—Idea Generation B—Market Segmentation J—Press Conferences C—Target Audience K—Point-of-Purchase Advertising D—Advertising Budget L—Directory Advertising E—Environmental Analysis M—Tracking Feedback F—Market Positioning N—Feature Stories G—Broadcasting Advertising O—Message Development H—Online Advertising P—Product Differentiation Example：(E)环境分析 (H)网络广告

It is generally accepted that old people should have a share in the rewards for material and cultural advancements to which they have made contributions．不言而喻，老年人应该享有一份回报，因为他们曾经为物质和文化做出过贡献。人们普遍认为，老年人对物质和文化的进步做出过贡献，应该分享其成果。毫无疑问，老年人有实力又有文化，他们都会主动为社会和文明多做贡献。

Once there is a threat to our water supply water can quickly become the only thing that matters．只要水源受到威胁，水很快就会变成唯一重要的物质。供水一旦受到威胁，水很快就会成为唯一至关重要的问题。有一次水源曾遭受污染，水成了人们唯一不能很快解决的问题。

With so many companies cutting back on their workforce lately，do you know how an employee can hold onto his current job? 随着后来这么多的公司要进入劳动市场，你知道一个雇员对工作流动是如何想的吗? 由于以后有这么多的公司将削减劳动力，你知道一个雇员怎样去做才能保住其工作吗? 鉴于最近如此众多的公司在进行裁员，您知道作为一个雇员如何才能保住自己目前的工作吗?

According to the passage, public goods are ______.

The writer gives the example of national defense in paragraph 2 in order to show that______.

The person who does not pay for a public good______.

In the third paragraph the author explains ______.

From the passage we learn that the purpose of collecting taxes is to ______.