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试卷名称:浙江大学英语三级模拟试卷23

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(14)There are many reasons why family life in Britain has changed so much in the last 50 years. The liberation of women in the early part of the 20th century and the social and economic effects of World War II had a great impact on traditional family life. Women became essential to industry and the professions.(15)During the war, they had worked in factories and proved their worth. With the loss of millions of men, their services were indispensable to the nation. More recently, great advances in scientific knowledge, and particularly in medicine, have had enormous social consequences. Children are better cared for and are far healthier. Infant death rate is low. Above all, parents can now plan the size of their family if they wish by more effective means of birth control. Different attitudes to religion, authority and tradition generally have also greatly contributed to changes in family life. But these developments have affected all aspects of society.(16)It is particularly interesting to note the concept of “the family“ as a social unit has survived all these challenges. 14. What is this passage mainly about? 15. Why did British women become indispensable to the nation after World War II ? 16. What remained unchanged in spite of all the changes in family life?

A．The liberation movement of British women.

B．Rapid economic development in Britain.

C．Changing attitudes to family life.

D．Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.

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A．Because millions of men died in the war.

B．Because women had proved their worth.

C．Because women were more skillful than men.

D．Because factories preferred to employ women.

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A．The concept of “the family“ as a social unit.

B．The attitudes to birth control.

C．The attitudes to religion.

D．The ideas of authority and tradition.

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W: Excuse me. I’m a new student. What am I supposed to do? M: Well, first go to the Reception Desk and sign in: then you go to a classroom and do a test. Q: What will the woman do first? Go to see the secretary. Take a test in the classroom. Open an account in the bank. Sign in at the Reception Desk.

Walking is a great way to get in shape without breaking the bank (it’s free and you can do it every day). But there are other benefits to this exercise that you may not have realized. Here are some fun facts to encourage you to lace up your walking shoes. In his book, The Lost Art of Walking, Geoff Nicholson praises the virtues of walking, and explains how and why we walk. Besides providing physical, psychological and social benefits, this simple, free activity can transform your life, he suggests. In his opinion, walking can promote good health, keep you mentally refreshed, allow for social bonding and let you see the world around you. From a health perspective, walking is the key to managing weight, controlling blood pressure, and reducing the risk of a stroke, breast cancer, diabetes (糖尿病) and other diseases. A brisk daily walk lengthens your life, decreases the risk of depression and improves your mood and sense of well-being. From a psychological viewpoint, walking offers an opportunity to clarify thoughts, to solve problems and to reduce stress. If you establish a rhythm that is relaxing and peaceful, walking can also become a form of meditation (思考). Walking regularly with someone else enables a friendship to blossom as the pair of you exercise. You can also schedule regular walk “dates“ with your spouse or partner and use the time to discuss issues without distractions. Also, the best way to explore some of the world’s great cities—such as New York, London, Paris and Rome—is on foot. Walking stimulates the senses and enables you to enjoy a rich engagement with life around you. According to Nicholson, the poet William Wordsworth toured round the world seven times during his lifetime. Wordsworth reputedly delighted in the simple truth that “going for a walk is an invitation for surprise“.

In the United States and Canada, a prom, short for promenade, is a formal dance or getting together of high school students. It is always held near the end of junior and/or senior year. It is a major event among high school students. High school juniors taking part in the prom may call it Junior Prom while high school seniors may call it Senior Prom. In fact, it is always a dance for both juniors and seniors. At prom, a Prom Queen and Prom King may be showed. Other students may be honored to take part in a “Prom Court.“ Prom Queen and Prom King are honorary titles (荣誉称号) given to students who are chosen in a school-wide vote (选举) before the prom. Whether one can be a member in a Prom Court or not is due to their popularity and their level of participation in school activities including sports. This honor is usually given to seniors. In addition to Prom Queen and Prom King, juniors may also be honored, but would be called “Prom Prince“ and “Prom Princess.“ The British would call it Leavers’ Ball or Leavers’ Dinner formally, or informally, Leavers’ Do. This is closer to the Australian description, although in the UK, some schools have called the above events proms. In Canada, Ireland and Australia, the terms Grad or Formal are most commonly used and the event is usually held for those graduating from high school or middle school. In Ireland, the event is also known as the Debs, which is derived (源自) from Debutante.

The time of year a baby is born can shape what profession they will embark on in later life, a new research has suggested. Being born in a certain month appears to【D1】______the statistical likelihood of what job a person will end up with, the【D2】______by the Office for National Statistics found. Researchers have【D3】______that the month in which babies are born could also affect everything from intelligence to length of life. A child born in December is more likely to become a dentist while【D4】______whose birthday falls in January will【D5】______to be a debt collector. They found a February birth appears to【D6】______the chances of being an artist while March babies appear to go on to become pilots. The study was got from researchers who【D7】______the birth months of people in 19 separate occupations using information from the last census, the Daily Mail reported. Although these trends may be【D8】______to explain, correlations between birth months and specific health problems have a scientific【D9】______Spring babies are at greater risk of【D10】______including schizophrenia(精神分裂症)and autism(孤独症). A)difficult F)basis K)experience B)joyful G)happiness L)tend C)indicate H)increase M)someone D)uncovered I)fall N)analyzed E)study J)illnesses O)decrease

It was 6:40 in the morning and nearly all of the doctors attending the medical conference had assembled for the first session of the day. But there were no tables and chairs in sight, no lectern(讲台), no run-throughs of PowerPoint presentations. All I could make out in the early morning darkness were the unmoving forms of my colleagues, cross-legged on cushions and raised platforms, eyes closed and hands resting with palms upward in their laps. They were learning to meditate(思考)as part of a communication training conference, held last week at the Chapin Mill Retreat Center in western New York, and sponsored by the University of Rochester Medical Center. There has been a growing awareness among doctors that being fully present and attentive to the moment, not Only improves the way they engage with patients but also mitigates(减轻)the stresses of clinical practice. Mounting paperwork demands and other time and productivity pressures can lead to physician burnout, which affects as many as one in three doctors, recent studies have shown. The loss of enthusiasm and engagement can lead to increased errors, decreased empathy and compassion toward patients and poor professionalism. Other problems include physician substance abuse, abandonment of clinical practice and even suicide. Questions:

One of the biggest changes in the way people in Britain spend their leisure time in recent years has been an increase in the amount of time spent watching television.(11)The average winter viewing figures are now about 28 hours per week. As you might expect, television viewing is less popular in summer than in winter and more popular with teenagers than any other age group. Viewing also varies according to social classes, with(12)professional and managerial classes watching less than the unskilled and the unemployed. On average, women watch more than men. British TV has an international reputation for producing programs of high quality, such as documentaries, nature programs, comedies and drama series and according to the government, there should be a combination of “competition, quality and choice“ in any plans for the future of TV. However, not everyone agrees that more TV means better TV and it has been argued that the standard programs with mass appeal such as soap operas, quiz shows and situation comedies are not very high.(13)“Minority programs,“ such as many of those broadcast on BBC 2 and Channel 4, might disappear. 11. What is the average figure of people watching TV in winter? 12. Who, in general, watches TV more in Britain? 13. What can we know about the “Minority programs“ in Britain? 8 hours a week. 20 hours a week. 24 hours a week. 28 hours a week.

(14)There are many reasons why family life in Britain has changed so much in the last 50 years. The liberation of women in the early part of the 20th century and the social and economic effects of World War II had a great impact on traditional family life. Women became essential to industry and the professions.(15)During the war, they had worked in factories and proved their worth. With the loss of millions of men, their services were indispensable to the nation. More recently, great advances in scientific knowledge, and particularly in medicine, have had enormous social consequences. Children are better cared for and are far healthier. Infant death rate is low. Above all, parents can now plan the size of their family if they wish by more effective means of birth control. Different attitudes to religion, authority and tradition generally have also greatly contributed to changes in family life. But these developments have affected all aspects of society.(16)It is particularly interesting to note the concept of “the family“ as a social unit has survived all these challenges. 14. What is this passage mainly about? 15. Why did British women become indispensable to the nation after World War II ? 16. What remained unchanged in spite of all the changes in family life? The liberation movement of British women. Rapid economic development in Britain. Changing attitudes to family life. Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.

W: What do you think of the way people use and treat animals? M: Well, it depends. When we raise animals for food, the conditions they live in are often poor. W: (11)Perhaps people should stop eating animals. To ensure our food supply, we could grow more crops. M: That makes sense in a way, but what would you do with all the animals? You couldn’t just let them go. Otherwise, (12)some people would still hunt them because meat has become a basic part of our diet. W: We could provide them with better conditions, anyway. We should try to improve the conditions at zoos and to recreate natural living conditions as much as possible. M: That’s true. I think zoos are a good idea. W: Yes. I love going to the zoo. I don’t like animal experiments, though. I believe that we can do tests in other ways. M: (13)I read that the number of animals being used in experiments is falling dramatically as new techniques are introduced. W: That’s good news. The good thing is that most people treat their pets well. By the way, have you ever given money to any of the charities that take care of animals? M: Yes, I have. (14)They do an excellent job in animal protection. 11. How can we get enough food if we don’t eat animals? 12. Why do some people hunt animals according to the man? 13. What can we learn about animals used in experiments? 14. What does the man say about charities that take care of animals? Grow more crops. Buy food from others. Sell the animals to buy crops. Develop new agricultural technologies.

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Learning to play a musical instrument can change your brain, according to a US review. It also finds that music training can lead to improved speech and foreign language skills. Although it has been suggested that in the past that listening to Mozart or other classical music could make you smarter, there has been little evidence to show that music improves brain power. But a data-driven review by Northwestern University has explored the research about the effect of musical training on the learning skills including language, speech, memory, attention and even vocal emotion. Researcher Nina Kraus said the data strongly suggested that the neural connections made during musical training also strengthened the brain for other aspects of human communication. The researchers said that in their study the effect of music training suggests that, just like the physical exercise and its impact on body fitness, music is a resource that strengthens the brain for listening fitness and thus requires society to re-examine the role of music in shaping individual development. The study, published n Nature Reviews Neuroscience, looked at the rapid increase of research in recent years focused on the effects of music training on the nervous system which could have strong effects on education. The study found that playing an instrument strengthens the brain to choose what is relevant in a complex process that may involve reading or remembering a score, timing issues and working with other musicians. Kraus said in a statement that a musician’s brain selectively tells apart the information-bearing elements in sound and in a beautiful interrelationship between sensory(感觉的)and cognitive(认知的)processes, the nervous system makes associations between complex sounds and what they mean. The study reviewed the past research and found, for example, that musicians are more successful than non-musicians in learning to incorporate(合并)sound patterns for a new language into words.

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_____(在某些领域劳动力短缺)will give workers more rights to demand higher wages.

_____(直到傍晚的时候)that he began to tackle the major problem.

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