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试卷名称:四川省英语三级（阅读理解）历年真题试卷汇编4

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阅读理解

Although not identical, the terms “college and university“ are often used interchangeably in the United States.There is no legal or official control over the institution’s choice of one or the other as part of its name. Over the years, many institutions change their names as they add new programs and levels of study. Usually, a college offers a four-year program of study leading toward the bachelor’s degree. Colleges may be independent, offering only undergraduate programs, or they may be a part of a university that offers both undergraduate and graduate degrees. Universities emphasize research and often include professional schools, undergraduate college of arts and sciences, and graduate schools. In 1989 and 1990, nearly 138,000 foreign students attended four-year programs leading to the bachelor’s degree. There are over 2,000 traditional four-year colleges and universities in the United States, and each has a unique identity. Each college determines its own goals, emphases and admissions standards. Liberal arts colleges, for example, emphasize excellence in teaching basic subjects such as humanities (人文学科), natural sciences, social sciences and languages. Besides liberal arts colleges, there are many other types of colleges. Historically, some colleges have admitted only male, only female or only black students; however, most now are open to all academically qualified students who apply. Other colleges have a particular religious emphasis. Colleges and universities that stress career preparation may have special cooperative education programs or intemships(实习期) in which students work part-time as a requirement for the degree.

Which of the following is true about the difference between colleges and universities?

A．There is no real differences between them for the names are used interchangeably.

B．Graduate schools are more often found in universities rather than in colleges.

C．Most colleges are a part of universities and offer only four-year programs of study.

D．Research receives more attention in universities while colleges offer more programs.

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Many institutions change their names when _____.

A．they have new programs and higher levels of study

B．they offer a four-year program of bachelor’s degree

C．they have a great number of foreign students

D．they offer both undergraduate and graduate degrees

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Liberal arts colleges lay emphasis on _____.

A．teaching basic subjects well

B．maintaining admissions standards

C．teaching natural sciences

D．determining their own goals

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In history, some American colleges admitted students according to their ____.

A．academic qualification

B．career preparation

C．family background

D．sex and color

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Which of the following can serve as the title of the passage?

A．The status of America’s minority college students

B．A brief introduction to American colleges and universities

C．Programs and degrees offered by American colleges

D．Historical development of US colleges and universities

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Most of China’s internet users go online to chat or seek entertainment rather than look for jobs or conduct business. According to a recent report released by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), China’s Internet users totaled 162 million in the first six months of 2007.The country reported 137 million users last year. The rapid growth could be translated into almost 100 new users per minute in the past six months. At this rate of increase, China is expected to overtake the United States, the world’s leader, by the end of last month. The number of China’s Internet users has been on the rise since 1994, when it was first introduced to the country. However, the research showed most users were interested in chat rooms and entertainment, and not in job searches, education, or e-banking. More than 60 percent regarded online music and videos as an important source of entertainment, though about 75 percent read online news and used search engines for information. Only 21 percent used e-banking services and 3.9 percent booked tickets through the Internet. Wang Enhai, an official with CNNIC, and one of the authors of the report, said the phenomenon is due to China’s Internet infancy(初期) and to the fact that most users were young people. “China’s Internet market is just emerging and there are still a lot of things to be done before a mature online business environment can be established,“ Wang said.

“What is your greatest weakness?“This question has been a weapon frequently used by the hiring manager during a job interview, but most people still have trouble with dilemma(进退两难的境地) it causes: answer too frankly, and you may lose your opportunity. Provide a prepared answer, and vou will give a false impression, or worse, seem dishonest by saying “my greatest weakness is that I work too hard“. “It is a tricky question,“ admits Andrea Kay, a career advisor. I would suggest that you be ready for it, anticipate it, because it is still a question that gets asked over and over again. You may use the strategy of mentioning a non-existent “weakness“. But you must be cautious and try to name only weakness that has little to do with the job you are applying for. Or you can name a real weakness, but one you are taking steps to improve. Of course, you can always choose not to answer the question at all or ask the interviewer to rephrase (换句话说) the question. But you must be warned: each of these strategies can have drawbacks (缺点). “Not everybody is great at everything,“ Kay said, “but you do not say ’I do not get along well with people’. You do not want to go down a path that gets you in trouble. Do not talk about people issues.“ So why do hiring managers continue to ask this question, with all the dangers to the applicants? Is it fair? “Absolutely!“ said a hiring director. “If raised correctly, it is one of those questions that can open the door for further discussion.“

Many people usually think of dot-com companies first when they think of IT jobs. Although the environments at such companies can differ from those of non-tech companies, the responsibilities and requirements remain much the same for either. Sze Hsu programs for Yahoo.com. He has found that programming dot-com requires a lot more than a keyboard, “when I decided to go into programming, I thought I would simply be in front of a computer screen all day long playing with code“, says Hsu. “Since then, I have worked for computer companies large and small, and realize that programming is actually only half the story.“ A typical day starts with group planning.This means keeping a keen ear open at meetings when technical advice would be useful. A lot of team work must be involved. Communication is still regarded as the most important skill, even in this most technical duty. The technical decision is totally dependent on the task at hand. When creating a high traffic web site, you need to lean towards performance. When creating a banking application, you probably need to lean towards stability. Bottom line: there is no easy answer. “Finally, we come to the original job description—programming,“ says Hsu. “This is the part of the job where one puts on his/her headphones while striking the keyboard.“ “Overall, I would say programming is definitely a challenging job. So, although knowing a few programming languages will help, that is not what makes a programmer.“

Although not identical, the terms “college and university“ are often used interchangeably in the United States.There is no legal or official control over the institution’s choice of one or the other as part of its name. Over the years, many institutions change their names as they add new programs and levels of study. Usually, a college offers a four-year program of study leading toward the bachelor’s degree. Colleges may be independent, offering only undergraduate programs, or they may be a part of a university that offers both undergraduate and graduate degrees. Universities emphasize research and often include professional schools, undergraduate college of arts and sciences, and graduate schools. In 1989 and 1990, nearly 138,000 foreign students attended four-year programs leading to the bachelor’s degree. There are over 2,000 traditional four-year colleges and universities in the United States, and each has a unique identity. Each college determines its own goals, emphases and admissions standards. Liberal arts colleges, for example, emphasize excellence in teaching basic subjects such as humanities (人文学科), natural sciences, social sciences and languages. Besides liberal arts colleges, there are many other types of colleges. Historically, some colleges have admitted only male, only female or only black students; however, most now are open to all academically qualified students who apply. Other colleges have a particular religious emphasis. Colleges and universities that stress career preparation may have special cooperative education programs or intemships(实习期) in which students work part-time as a requirement for the degree.

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