根据“自上而下”的阅读模式，人们的阅读理解过程是一个______的过程，阅读者是一个主动的参与者，他不但需要语言知识，还需要相关的背景知识。解读解码刺激一反应预测一验证

______assessment is designed to measure how the performance of a particular student or group of students compares with the performance of another student or group of students.

The______approach to writing teaching pays attention to not only what to write, but also how to write.

______ are undertaken to determine the gap between the existing skills, knowledge and abilities and those that are needed to function at the desired level. Learning assessment Learning needs Learning analysis Teaching assessment

The soldier raised his gun and calmly______it at the enemy commander, fired. to aim aimed aiming aim

The Great Wall is______tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. so well-known a a so well-known such well-known a such well-known

Such novelists as Tolstoy are widely read, of______works, full of great humanity, however some are difficult to understand. whose which whom what

Standing on the pavement while waiting for you, we watched bus______after bus by. went to go gone go

—Sir, ______man named George wants to see you. —Did he ever make______telephone call? a: the the: the the: / a: a

Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted“ , “Real Estate“ , “Lost and Found“ are made, the rate charged being less than for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser. The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertisers may, on this account, use a very small advertisement that would be lost if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is obvious that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get the reader’s attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader’s attention. In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality become a display advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising.

There was a time when parents who wanted an educational present for their children would buy a typewriter, a globe or an encyclopedia set. Now those【C1】______seem hopelessly old-fashioned: this Christmas, there were a lot of personal computers under the tree. Convinced that computers are the key to success, parents are also frantically insisting that children【C2】______taught to use them in school as early as possible. The problem for schools is that when it 【C3】______computers, parents don’t always know best. Many schools are yielding to parental impatience and are purchasing hardware【C4】______sound educational planning so they can say, “ OK, we’ve moved into the computer age. “ Teachers found themselves caught in the middle of the problem—between parent pressure and wise educational decisions. Educators do not even agree【C5】______how computers should be used. A lot of money is going for computerized educational materials【C6】______research has shown can be taught just as well with pencil and paper. Even those who believe that all children should have access to computers, warn of potential【C7】______to the very young. The temptation remains strong largely because young children【C8】______so well to computers. First graders have been seen willing to work for two hours on math skills. Some have an attention span of 20 minutes. Not every school can afford to go into computing, and that creates【C9】______another problem: a division between the haves and have-nots. Very few parents are agitating for computer instruction in poor school districts,【C10】______there may be barely enough money to pay the reading teacher.

The theory of multiple intelligences implies that our teaching should be able to develop as much as possible students’ different______in their intelligences.

Teaching the students“ asking the way and telling directions“ embodies the______view of language.

An individual human existence should be like a river—small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and______passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. to rush rushing rushed rush

His hard work before the examination______and he received a lot of good job offers. showed off paid off took out set out

At last the girl received the letter she______for so long a time. has been expecting had been expecting was expecting had excepted

We take eight other courses______English this semester. besides except except for beside

“-s“ in the word “books“ is______. a derivative affix a stem an inflectional affix a root

Rae Armantrout, who has been a poetry professor at the University of California San Diego( UCSD) for two decades, has won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, Versed. “ I’m delighted and amazed at how much media recognition that the Pulitzer brings, as compared to even the National Book Critics Circle Award, which I was also surprised and delighted to win, “said Armantrout. “ For a long time, my writing has been just below the media radar, and to have this kind of attention, suddenly, with my 10th book, is really surprising. “ Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelor’s degree at UC Berkeley, where she studied with noted poet Denise Levertov, and her master’s in creative writing from San Francisco State University. She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry that analyzes the way language is used and raises questions to make the reader think. In March, she won the National Book Critics Circle Award for Versed. “ This book has gotten more attention, “ Armantrout said, “ but I don’t feel as if it’s better. “ The first half of Versed focuses on the dark forces taking hold of the United States as it fought the war against Iraq. The second half looks at the dark forces casting a shadow over her own life after Armantrout was diagnosed with cancer in 2006. Armantrout was shocked to learn she had won the Pulitzer but many of her colleagues were not. “ Rae Armantrout is a unique voice in American poetry, “said Seth Lerer, head of Arts and Humanities at UCSD. Versed, published by the Wesleyan University Press, did appear in a larger printing than her earlier works, which is about 2, 700 copies. The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.

Heavy gas leakage from a defective pipe left nine persons dead and at least twenty-six others hospitalized in central Fujieda of Shizuoka Province, south-west of Tokyo, authorities said on Monday. Police said a doctor’s family of five, and four members of a seven member family died when the gas escaped in heavy volumn from the pipe which had a crack in it. At least twenty-six persons were taken to a city hospital in Fujieda, some 160 kilometres south-west of Tokyo and three of them were listed in critical condition. The gas leakage began as early as Saturday night, but the local gas company which received telephone calls from alarmed residents didn’t bother to check the suspected pipe immediately, according to a police official.

“Planning is good，but doing is better．”是一句英国名言。请以此为题目用英语写一篇100~120词的短文。要求如下： (1)简述你对这句名言的理解： (2)用一个具体事例加以说明； (3)给出恰当的结尾。注意： (1)文章的标题已给出(不计词数)： (2)文中不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、老师或同学姓名等真实信息，否则按作弊行为认定。