The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005, there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000. [*] Yet this enormous resource is not contributing enough to today’ s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health. 【B1】______ Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger, from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers. Here, too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity. 【B2】______This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction. Today, the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed“ or “climate change“ have increased rapidly since 2004. 【B3】______ When social scientists do tackle practical issues, their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example. And whether the community’ s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful. The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding. 【B4】______This is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’ s economic climate. The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2014, would not have such a category. This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science; rather, the complete opposite. 【B5】______That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems. Questions 61-65 Questions 61 ~ 65 are based on the following passage. A. It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs. B. However, the numbers are still small: in 2010, about 1, 600 of the 100, 000 social-science papers published globally included one of these keywords. C. The idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies. D. The solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones. E. These issues all have root causes in human behavior, all require behavioral change and social innovations, as well as technological development. Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy. F. Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development. G. During the late 1990s, national spending on social-science and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds—including government, higher education, no-profit and corporate—varied from around 4% to 25% ; in most European nations, it is about 15%.

Why doesn’t the man carry a camera with him?Listen to the conversation， mark each question as A， B， C or D according to what you hear. M: Did you take these pictures? They’re very good. W: Yes， I think they turned out well too. I like to take my camera with me wherever I go. That way， if I see something interesting， I can snap a picture of it. M: Carrying a big camera around is too much trouble for me. W: My camera is really small though. Here let me show you. M: That is a compact camera， but you really must know a lot about photography to get such professional looking results. W: Not necessarily. This camera is simple to operate. M: Does this model come with a flash attachment for indoor shots? W: Better than that. It has a built-in electronic flash and automatic focus， too. I don’t even have to worry about focusing. M: That’s what I need. When I take pictures they usually come out blurry because I don’t adjust the lenses properly and I hate photos that are out of focus. Is a camera like yours expensive? W: Less than you’d expected. Why don’t you check the prices at Hatfield’s down the street? This model was on sale there last week. M: I think I will. It certainly won’t hurt to take a look. He doesn’ t have a flash attachment. He thinks a big camera would be too much trouble. He doesn’ t think he knows enough about a camera. He has a professional photographer take pictures for him.

Mr. Smith is booking a tour for a lady and himself at a travel agency.Listen to the conversation， mark each statement as either True（T）or False（F）according to your listening. W: Golden Star Hotel. May I help you? M: Good morning. This is John Smith calling from Sun Computer Software Company. I’d like to make a reservation while I attend the International High-Tech Fair. W: What kind of room would you like? M: I’d like two single rooms with bath， both on the same floor. W: For how many nights? M: For five nights from October 10 to 15. Do you have rooms available on those days? W: Just a minute. I’ll check. I’m very sorry， but we have two double rooms but not two singles available. M: What is the difference in price? W: The single rooms are $75， and doubles are $100. M: I see. What are the double rooms like? W: Very nice rooms， sir. I can give you two doubles on the 25th floor with a beautiful ocean view. M: All right fine. Then I’d like to book two double rooms for Sun Computer Software Company. The guests’ names are Mr. John Smith and Miss Maria Johnson. W: Thank you. So that’s two rooms on the 25th floor arriving on October 10th and departing on the 15th. M: Right. I’ll confirm this by e-mail. W: Thank you， Mr. Smith. Good-bye. TRUE FALSE

—Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it. —______Thank you all the same. It’s very kind of you. Oh, how careless of me! I might as well go and get it. How could I forget? Well, I can do without it.

He must give us more time,______we shall not be able to make a good job of it. consequently otherwise therefore doubtlessly especially

The doctor______that I should have an immediate operation. insistent persisted persistent insisted consistent

Writing this book has been a great pleasure, a true______of love. labor hope wish dream luck

The______for tonight is rain changing to snow. broadcast rational estimation control forecast

If you have mosquito problem, remember that they reproduce in water, be sure to______these spots in and around your home. release occupy eliminate investigate discover

[*] Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken lag or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized people ought to be able to find some ways of settling their dispute other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right. That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets—while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life—nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages. But we must not expect too much. After all, the race of men has only just started. From the point of view of evolution human beings are very young children indeed, babies, in fact, of a few months old. Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jelly fish and that kind of creature for about twelve hundred million years; but there have been men for only one million years, and there have been civilized men for about eight thousand years at the outside. These figures are difficult to grasp; so let us scale them down. Suppose that we reckon the whole past of living creatures on the earth as one hundred years; then the whole past of man works out at about one month, and during that month there have been civilizations for between seven and eight hours. So you see there has been little time to learn in, but there will the oceans of time in which to learn better. Taking man’ s civilized past at about seven or eight hours, we may estimate his future, that is to say, the whole period between now and when the sun grows too cold to maintain life any longer on the earth, at about one hundred thousand years. Thus mankind is only at the beginning of its civilized life, and as I say, we must not expect too much. The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business, a business of fighting and bullying and gorging and grabbing and hurting. We must not expect even civilized people not to have done these things. All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else. Questions 66 ~ 70 Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.

【T1】我要跟你讲讲文学是什么! 不——只是但愿能做到，可实际上我做不到。 (wish)对于文学的奥秘，只能略加阐释，做点提示，仅此而已。【T2】我就试着给诸位做点提示吧。(thinking)为此，我要引导你回顾一下你的历史，或者做一番遐想。【T3】比如说，那天夜晚你和你的挚友一道散步，你对他可是无话不谈，或者说几乎无话不谈! (faithful)当时你心头萦绕着一桩不同寻常的事，真有点想对他保守秘密。【T4】可你又像中了邪似的，不知怎么就扯出来了。 (contrive)你的朋友善解人意，又很谨慎，那副急于了解内情、洗耳恭听的样子，让你感到不胜高兴，于是你越说越来劲，越说越推心置腹，最后你激动地低声嚷道：“好家伙，她真是神奇呀!”【T5】这时候，你就进入了文学的领地。 (domain)

Which of the following is least like the others? Poem Novel Painting Statue Flower

Write an essay based on the following chart. Summarize the information and report the main features, and make comparisons where necessary. [*] Write at least 100 words on the answer sheet.

Mary has______on the family tradition of giving away plants. lived moved carried taken turned

I can’t help you. You______this______yourself. brought; forward brought; on brought; about brought; up brought; off

[*] It has been justly said that while “we speak with our vocal organs we 【C1】con______with our whole bodies.“ All of us communicate with one another 【C2】______(verbal), as well as with words. Sometimes we know what we’ re doing, as with the use of 【C3】g______such as the thumbs-up sign to indicate that we approve. But most of the time we’ re not aware that we’ re doing it. We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone else’ s eyes and look away. These 【C4】a______ we assume are random and incidental. But researchers have 【C5】dis______that there is a system of them almost as consistent and comprehensible as language, and they conclude that there is a whole range of body language, 【C6】______the way we move, the gestures we employ, the postures we adopt, the facial expression we wear, the extent to which we touch and the distance we stand from each other. The body language serves a variety of purposes. Firstly it can replace verbal commuinication, as with the use of gestures. Secondly it can modify verbal communication, loudness and tone of voice is an example here. Thirdly it regulates social interaction; turn-taking is largely governed by non-verbal 【C7】s______. Finally, it conveys our emotions and attitudes. This is particularly important for successful cross-culture communication. Every culture has its own “body language“, and children absorb its nuances along with spoken language. The way an Englishman crosses his legs is nothing 【C8】______ the way a male American does it. When we communicate with people from other culture, the body language sometimes helps make the communication easy and 【C9】______ (effect), such as shaking hands is such a universal gesture that people all over the world know that it is a signal for greeting. But sometimes, the body language can cause certain 【C10】______(understand)since people of different cultures often have different forms of behaviour for sending the same message or have different interpretations towards the same body signal.

It is very important for students who are studying English as a second language to read simple English. Some students may not like this advice. They may say “ I am a grown-up and you are asking me to read childish English. This is beneath me. I will not read it.“ [*] We can understand the feelings of such students. They read adult books in their native language and watch movies for adults. They know a lot about history, chemistry, biology and other school subjects. They understand what is happening in the modem world. How can we solve their problems? The main answer is that simple English is not the same as childish English. Books can deal with grown-up subjects although the language used is simple. There is a difference between what is said and the way in which it is said. Unusual and difficult words can be used to say childish and unimportant things, and simple words can be used to express deep thoughts. Many famous writers and speakers have expressed important thoughts and feelings in simple words. Winston Churchill and Abraham Lincoln are two examples. Winston Churchill reminded the British people how much they owed to the young airmen who died in the Battle of Britain with the words, never was so much owed by so many to so few. Abraham Lincoln reminded the American people of the kind of government the soldiers who fought in the American Civil War had died for, by saying, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. On these two solemn occasions, two famous speakers used very simple words to express deep feelings. If they had used long and unusual words they would not have moved their listeners so much. Having used these two examples, students should not think they are reading poor English when they are reading simple English. The opposite is more often true. Writers who have nothing to say often cover up their lack of thoughts with long words and difficult sentences. Reading simple English also improves writing. Students get used to expressing their ideas with simple words and sentences, and most people write in simple English so that their readers can understand what they want to say. Questions 71 - 75 Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank. The writer holds that simple English can be 【R1】______and is worth learning. He thinks it is wrong to consider simple English as 【R2】______because it can be used to deal with 【R3】______subjects well. For example, many prominent public figures, such as Churchill and Lincoln, successfully used simple words to express profound thoughts and feelings. On the other hand, some writers might use difficult language to conceal their 【R4】______. In addition, reading simple English helps students with their 【R5】______, as it makes students more familiar with expressing themselves in simple English, which is straightforward and easy to understand.

Fill in the missing numbers in this sequence: 15873 ×7 = 111111 15873 × 14 = 222222 15873 × ( ) = 333333 15 ( ) × 28 = ( ) 4

Write an essay of no less than 160 words on the answer sheet in which you discuss the moral of the following poem and express your personal views on the subject. Books Arnold Lobel Books to the ceiling, Books to the sky, My pile of books is a mile high. How I love them! How I need them!

Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious“ both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed people’ s natural relations, loosed their responsibilities 【M1】______ to kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place 【M2】______ for superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. 【M3】______ However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious“ is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you if you are a resident of a smaller community. 【M4】______ But, for the most part, this fact has a few significant 【M5】______ consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ from more and less 【M6】______ urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than do big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by 【M7】______ developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor 【M8】______ are residents of large communities any likely to display 【M9】______ psychological symptoms of stress or alienation than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and which leads them to a distrust of 【M10】______ strangers.

In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation， one question will be asked，and you have fifteen seconds to read the four choices marked A， B， C and D，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. 1. M: Could you tell me the timetable of the school bus? W: Well， the bus leaves here for the campus every two hours from 6：30 am. But on weekends it starts half an hour later. Question: When does the second bus leave on Saturday? 2. W: Have you always been on this site? M: No， we used to be on an industrial estate on the outskirts of York. W: Why did you move? M: We needed larger premises so we moved to this greenfield site last year. Question: Why did the man move? 3. W: Good morning， I’d like two of this， please. M: Is that in color or black-and-white? W: In color， please， just as it is. M: Of course. You do realize color is more expensive， don’t you? W: That’s fine， I’m not bothered about the cost. M: It’s a nice drawing. Did you do it? W: No， no. Actually， I got it from an art book. Question: Where is the woman? 4. W: Can you tell me what’s included in your warranty? M: Certainly. The product has a two-year guarantee. If it breaks down during that period we offer a replacement unit completely free of charge. Our products are very reliable but we recommend you take out an extended warranty. This covers you for a further two years. W: I see. What does that include? M: It covers all parts and labour， except for normal wear and tear of course. Question: Which one is correct if the woman takes out an extended warranty? 5. W: David is playing a computer game. M: Should he do that when the final exam is drawing near? Question: What does the man think David should do? 7:30. 8:00. 8:30. 9:00.