Elizabeth Warren, a Democrat, represents Massachusetts in the U. S. Senate. [*] 【B1】______One investigator called it “most likely the largest cartel in the history of the United States. “ This crisis calls for action. That is why I’ m introducing legislation to authorize the public manufacture of generic drugs wherever drug companies have warped markets to drive up prices. 【B2】______But they’ re not operating in a free market; they’ re operating in a market that’ s rigged to line their pockets and limit competition. The entire pharmaceutical industry in reality runs on government-granted monopolies, mostly in the form of long-term patent protections. 【B3】______With so little competition for generics, drug makers can push up prices and squeeze consumers without consequence. As a result, prescription drug prices are crushing families. Millions of Americans are skipping required doses and putting their health at risk because they can’ t afford to renew their prescriptions. 【B4】______Today, in market after market, competition is dying as a handful of giant companies gain more and more market share. And as these companies get bigger, they create a vicious cycle, spending millions more on politics and lobbying to rig the rules, crushing potential competitors and further insulating themselves from legal or market accountability. 【B5】______HHS would manufacture or contract for the manufacture of generic drugs in cases in which no company is manufacturing a drug, when only one or two companies manufacture a drug and its price has spiked, when the drug is in shortage, or when a medicine listed as essential by the World Health Organization faces limited competition and high prices. Public manufacturing will be used to fix markets, not replace them. The Affordable Drug Manufacturing Act would allow the government to manufacture generic drugs at lower costs or contract with manufacturers to produce the drugs at competitive prices. And if a potential manufacturer thinks it can do better, the bill provides that the license to manufacture the drug is continually offered for sale, with the only condition being that the buyer would agree to keep selling the product to consumers at competitive prices. Questions 61 ~ 65 Choose from the sentences A ~G the one which best fits each gap of 61 -65. There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use. A. The Affordable Drug Manufacturing Act would allow the Department of Health and Human Services to step in where the market has failed. B. Drugs prescribed by doctors can be extremely hazardous if used in the wrong way. C. Today, 40 percent of generic drugs are made by a single company, and the majority are manufactured by only one or two companies. D. Forty-seven states and the Justice Department are investigating a price-fixing conspiracy that’ s driving up the cost of generic drugs in the United States. E. Drug companies use the “free market“ as a shield against any effort to reduce prices for families. F. The generic label shareware covers a marketing concept rather than a particular brand of software. G. Promoting competition used to be a central goal of economic policymaking.

1. W: Mr. Johnson, I wonder whether it’s possible for me to take a vacation early next month. M: Did you fill out a request form? Question: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? 2. M: Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the museum please? W: Yes. Go back to the street, just across the street, on the steps of St Martin-in-the-Fields church, then the museum is next to it. Question: Where does the man want to go? 3. W: Sorry? Do you know what our expected arrival time in Wellington is? M: We’re due to arrive at 3 p. m. W: At 3 p. m.? M: Yes. That’s right. W: Thank you. Question: What time does the woman reach Wellington? 4. M: Here’s a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight’s show, please. W: Sure. Two tickets and here’s a dollar forty cents change. Question: How does one ticket cost? 5. M: Hey, if you can’t enjoy the music at a sensible volume, why not use earphones? I’m preparing for the speech contest. W: Oh, sorry. I didn’t realize I’ve being bothering you all this time. Question: What is the man probably doing? Teacher and student. Employer and Employee. Doctor and patient. Travel agent and customer.

Where could the lady find the man?Listen to the conversation. Then read the four choices marked A， B， C and D, and decide which is the best answer according to what you hear. W: Hi, John. Your roommate told me that I could find you in the TV lounge. What are you doing here? M: What does it look like I am doing? W: Well, it looks like you are watching television. But we have a math midterm tomorrow, so I thought you’d be studying for it and maybe I can study with you. M: Oh, well, I was just taking a break. This math stuff gives me a headache if I work on it too long. W: I know what you mean. I’ve been working on it for three hours already. I’m beginning to go cross-eyed. I’m having trouble with the sample problems. I just don’t get some of them. M: But I can’t believe you are coming to me. I mean, you do know what I got on the last test, don’t you? W: Yeah, I know. You told me. I just thought two heads might be better than one. M: Yeah, that is a good idea. But you know, I wish I knew that person in our class who got a hundred on the last test. She didn’t miss a question. Umm...was it Elizabeth? W: Oh, yeah, Elizabeth! She is a friend of mine. She’d be a big help right now. Why don’t I give her a call? M: What! At this hour? It’s already ten thirty. I don’t want to impose her. W: Yeah, I guess you are right. But you know what? She owes me a big favor. Let’s at least give her a call and see what she says. Maybe going over some of the problems with us would help her review the material too. M: It’s worth a try. In the classroom In the TV lounge. In the departure lounge. In the next room.

What’ s the range of yuan fluctuation within a trading day?In this section， you will hear five short news items. Each item will be read only once. After each item， there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause， read the question and the four choices marked A， B， C and D，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. 16. The central parity rate of the renminbi, or the yuan, strengthened by 115 basis points to 6. 8402 against the US dollar on Tuesday, according to the China Foreign Exchange Trade System. In China’s spot foreign exchange market, the yuan is allowed to rise or fall by 2 percent from the central parity rate each trading day. 17. The price of regular gasoline dropped across the United States last week, according to a report released by US Energy Information Administration on Monday. For the week ending January 7, the US average regular gasoline retail price dropped nearly 3 cents from last week to $2. 24 per gallon, which was 29 cents per gallon lower than the same period last year. 18. When internet enterprises emerged in China, the laws and regulations on personal information protection were not complete yet, so there were still loopholes for them to make use of. However, the Cyber-security Law came into effect in June 2017, and the personal information regulation in 2018, yet the products of internet companies continue neglecting people’s need for privacy and continue acquiring personal information without approval. 19. The profound friendship between China and Africa remains unbreakable despite some countries’ attempts to discredit China’s cooperation with the continent, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi said in reference to his New Year’s tour of Africa. Wang wrapped up his trips on Sunday to four nations—Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, Gambia and Senegal. The visits further boosted China’s economic, security and Belt and Road cooperation with African countries. 20. The government will likely set a more flexible GDP growth target for 2019, but it would be around 6.3 percent, which can strike a relatively good balance between stabilizing economic growth and forestalling economic and financial risks. And if a GDP growth above 6.3 percent is maintained— which will raise nominal GDP to $14.93 trillion and per capita GDP to $10, 600— China will have a better chance of doubling its GDP and per capita income by 2020 from the 2010 level, which are vital to building a moderately well-off society by 2020. 115. 6.8402. 2% Two dollars.

Diamonds have little______value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity. intricate intact intriguing introspective intrinsic

As a moralist, Virginia Woolf works by indirection, subtly undermining officially accepted mores, mocking, suggesting, and calling values into question______asserting, advocating or bearing witness. other than rather than together with as well as as soon as

This cycle of growth, reached its peak in 1986, when the annual rate of growth was______12 percent. in case of in view of in excess of in face of in charge of

Before the students set off, they spent much time setting a limit______the expenses of the trip. to about in for regarding

It is well known that knowledge is the______condition for expansion of mind. incompatible indispensable incredible indefinite indented

—Next we’ll interview Miss Smith, I think. —Smith? Did she fill in the form? —She did fill in the form. —Mm, well it seems______, then. we didn’ t laugh at the irony we didn’t file it we didn’t approve it we didn’ t possess great strength of purpose we didn’t travel in small groups

[*] A considerable amount of medical research is aimed at identifying risk factors for disease. The rationale 【C1】be______this work is that where people are informed of their risk, they will happily change their behavior to 【C2】low______that risk. Although this is certainly a reasonable assumption, it turns 【C3】______that things are not quite that simple and straightforward. First of all, health is not necessarily a top priority in everyone’ s life and, for these people, changing behavior in the interest of health may interfere 【C4】______other, more important matters. Second, the benefits to be derived from such 【C5】ch______rarely are immediate or obvious. Usually, improvements in health take place over long periods of time and are quite subtle. 【C6】______, we are all so bombarded with information about the thousands of health hazards to which we are exposed to most of us “ tune out“ much of this information. This latter issue is compounded by the 【C7】fac______that much of new information to which we are exposed through the media is exaggerated and, as often as not, is contradicted later by even “newer“ information. For these and other reasons, simply knowing about a risk does not necessarily ensure that people 【C8】______(take) appropriate steps to change it. Even when people want to change their 【C9】______, this is not easy to do. For example, the overwhelming majority of smokers in this country want to quit, but make great effort very few are able to do so. Most smokers 【C10】______(acknowledge) at some level, that health hazards associated with smoking and most wish that there were a simple and painless way to stop. And the number of people who want to lose weight is very large, but few of these people are able to do it and even none are able to maintain such weight losses.

Elizabeth Warren, a Democrat, represents Massachusetts in the U. S. Senate. [*] 【B1】______One investigator called it “most likely the largest cartel in the history of the United States. “ This crisis calls for action. That is why I’ m introducing legislation to authorize the public manufacture of generic drugs wherever drug companies have warped markets to drive up prices. 【B2】______But they’ re not operating in a free market; they’ re operating in a market that’ s rigged to line their pockets and limit competition. The entire pharmaceutical industry in reality runs on government-granted monopolies, mostly in the form of long-term patent protections. 【B3】______With so little competition for generics, drug makers can push up prices and squeeze consumers without consequence. As a result, prescription drug prices are crushing families. Millions of Americans are skipping required doses and putting their health at risk because they can’ t afford to renew their prescriptions. 【B4】______Today, in market after market, competition is dying as a handful of giant companies gain more and more market share. And as these companies get bigger, they create a vicious cycle, spending millions more on politics and lobbying to rig the rules, crushing potential competitors and further insulating themselves from legal or market accountability. 【B5】______HHS would manufacture or contract for the manufacture of generic drugs in cases in which no company is manufacturing a drug, when only one or two companies manufacture a drug and its price has spiked, when the drug is in shortage, or when a medicine listed as essential by the World Health Organization faces limited competition and high prices. Public manufacturing will be used to fix markets, not replace them. The Affordable Drug Manufacturing Act would allow the government to manufacture generic drugs at lower costs or contract with manufacturers to produce the drugs at competitive prices. And if a potential manufacturer thinks it can do better, the bill provides that the license to manufacture the drug is continually offered for sale, with the only condition being that the buyer would agree to keep selling the product to consumers at competitive prices. Questions 61 ~ 65 Choose from the sentences A ~G the one which best fits each gap of 61 -65. There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use. A. The Affordable Drug Manufacturing Act would allow the Department of Health and Human Services to step in where the market has failed. B. Drugs prescribed by doctors can be extremely hazardous if used in the wrong way. C. Today, 40 percent of generic drugs are made by a single company, and the majority are manufactured by only one or two companies. D. Forty-seven states and the Justice Department are investigating a price-fixing conspiracy that’ s driving up the cost of generic drugs in the United States. E. Drug companies use the “free market“ as a shield against any effort to reduce prices for families. F. The generic label shareware covers a marketing concept rather than a particular brand of software. G. Promoting competition used to be a central goal of economic policymaking.

Guo Jing, a young soldier among the massed ranks of Genghis Khan’ s army and son of a murdered warrior, may soon become as familiar a questing literary figure as Frodo Baggins from Tolkien’ s Lord of the Rings, or Jon Snow from Game of Thrones. In fact, this Chinese fighting hero is already part of phenomenon that can match both of those epics in size. For the books of Guo Jing’ s creator, the author known as Jin Yong, have already sold more than 300 million copies. The world’ s biggest kung fu fantasy writer, Jin Yong enjoys huge popularity in the Chinese-speaking world. In the west, however, his name is barely known, largely due to the complexity of the world he has created and the puzzle that has posed for translators.

Rearrange the letters in capitals to make another word. The new word has something to do with the first two words. instruct train CHEAT______

Look at the first group of three words. The word in the middle has been made from the other two words. Complete the second group of three words in the same way, making a new word in the middle. Example: PAIN INTO TOOK ALSO SOON ONLY FEES SINK INKY POST ______ PEEK

Start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on Online Shopping. Write at least 100 words on the answer sheet. [*]

Write on the following topic. Recently I was in conflict with a close friend. There was a good deal of uncontrolled emotion on my side. I wasn’ t expression myself well and I knew it. I became more and more frustrated and less effective at explaining my feelings. Read the above sentences. How do you understand this phenomenon? Write an essay of no less than 160 words on the answer sheet to express your personal views on the issue.

The student is looking for a job on campus.Listen to the conversation，and mark each statement as either true（T）or false（F）according to what you hear. W: Hello, Professor Smith, my name is Rose. I get the information from the university newspaper that you were looking for a student to work as a language laboratory assistant? M: Yes, we are. Are you interested in the job? W: I think so, but before I apply, I’d like you to tell me more about the work. M: Have you worked with tape recorders before? W: I used cassette a lot when I was studying French in high school. M: Good. There are many different kinds of language labs, ours is a small one, and it’s fairly easy to operate. This is the main control panel. You can set the controls to a lot of students to listen to the lessons they want to hear. If you decide to take the job, I’ll explain how the system operates. Most of the lessons are on cassette tapes, but some of them are also on long reel tapes of records. The cassettes are kept in order on these shelves, and they are clearly numbered with the language and the lesson number. For example, the cassettes in the green boxes are French lessons. Records and tapes are over there. W: How many hours would I work? M: We need someone ten hours a week, Monday through Friday from 4 p. m. to 6 p. m. This is one of the busiest times for this laboratory. W: I’ll fill out an application for this job right now. It would fit into my schedule nicely. M: Fine, I’ll get back to you in a week or so after we review the applications. TRUE FALSE

Police have planned a reconstruction of the crime tomorrow in the hope that this will______the memory of the passers-by. keep ease jog enhance forget

Any time______, any period of waiting is because you haven’t come and received the message. error cut lack lag slip

How well a person______depends just as much on whether they’ re self-confident as it does on particular skills and expertise. jumps out covers up turns up jumps up turns out