There is distinction between reading for information and reading for understanding. 【B1】______ [*] The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, or anything else. 【B2】______ Such materials may increase our store of information, but they cannot improve our understanding. And clearly we don’ t have any difficulty in gaining the new information, for our understanding was equal to them before we started. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement. The second sense is the one in which we read something that at first we do not completely understand. Here the thing to be read is at the first sight better or higher than the reader. The writer is communicating something that can increase the reader ’ s understanding.【B3】______Otherwise, one person could never learn from another. Here “learning“ means understanding more, not remembering more information. What are the conditions in this kind of reading? First, there is inequality in understanding.【B4】______Besides, his book must convey something he possesses and his potential readers lack. Second, the reader must be able to overcome this inequality in some degree. And he should always try to reach the same level of understanding with the writer. If the equality is approached, success of communication is achieved. 【B5】______ It is the least demanding and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. In fact, any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well. Questions 61 ~ 65 Complete the passage with the following sentences. There are two extra sentences that you do not need to use. A. The writer should have a better communicating skill. B. Such communication between the unequal must be possible. C. We can get access to the content of those materials easily. D. The writer must be “superior“ to the reader in understanding. E. Thus, we can employ the word “reading“ in two distinct senses. F. Reading for entertainment is capable of increasing our understanding for information. G. Besides gaining information and understanding, there’ s another goal of reading— entertainment.

When is the man leaving?Listen to the conversation， mark each question as A， B， C or D according to your listening. W: Bill， is that really you? I haven’t seen you for months. M: Hello， Christina. Yes， it’s been a long time. Good to see you. How have you been? W: I’ve been okay. I’ve just been so busy with school. We really should get together and catch up. How about joining me for dinner tonight? M: I’d love to， but I’m taking off for Miami at 8:00 tonight if everything goes well. I’m going home because my brother is getting married on Saturday morning. W: That’s great. Congratulations! I hope that you have a nice time at home. You’ll just have to take a rain check on that dinner invitation. M: Well， what’re you doing now? Maybe we can go to the coffee shop and chat for a while. There’s a quiet， little place I know of down the street. W: I really wish I could， but I’m on my way to the tennis courts. M: Tennis courts? I didn’t know you could play tennis. W: It sounds like that， but actually I can’t. I’m taking lessons so I can learn. My roommate is on the tennis team and she’s gotten me interested in the sport. Do you know how to play? M: A little， but I haven’t played for years. I really like the game， though. When I come back from my trip， I think I’ll join you in taking lessons. W: It’s a deal! Just give me a call when you get back. M: You got it. Today at 8:00 pm. Tomorrow at 8:00 am. On Saturday at 8:00 am. On Sunday at 8:00 am.

Dictation Listen to the passage. For questions 21 ~ 25, fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. After 1945, the US government built many new roads and highways. People moved farther and farther from the cities where they worked because they could drive their cars on these new roads from their suburban homes to work in the city. Some of the big car makers also 【D1】______the electrified transportation systems and destroyed them. As people stopped using public transportation, cities spent less money fixing old buses and trains or buying new ones. Public transportation got 【D2】______. In the late 1960s, people found out that the increase in the use of cars 【D3】______ many problems. There were always too many cars.for the highway system, and terrible traffic problems developed. People were spending hours in traffic jams getting to and from work every day. 【D4】______, the air in many cities became dirty because of pollution from millions of cars, and many people died in traffic accidents. As people began to get worried about how the use of cars was hurting the 【D5】______, cities began to spend more money on public transportation again, so fewer people would have to drive cars.In this section， you will hear two short passages. The passages will be read twice. After each passage， there will be a thirty-second pause. During the pause， write the answers on the answer sheet. Dictation Listen to the passage. For questions 21~25， fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. After 1945， the US government built many new roads and highways. People moved farther and farther from the cities where they worked because they could drive their cars on these new roads from their suburban homes to work in the city. Some of the big car makers also bought the electrified transportation systems and destroyed them. As people stopped using public transportation， cities spent less money fixing old buses and trains or buying new ones. Public transportation got worse and worse. In the late 1960s， people found out that the increase in the use of cars led to many problems. There were always too many cars for the highway system， and terrible traffic problems developed. People were spending hours in traffic jams getting to and from work every day. In addition， the air in many cities became dirty because of pollution from millions of cars， and many people died in traffic accidents. As people began to get worried about how the use of cars was hurting the environment， cities began to spend more money on public transportation again， so fewer people would have to drive cars.

As the survey suggests, fresh air, enough exercise and nutritious food______ to good health. contribute add attribute encourage stick

The city of London, ______ repeatedly between 1940 and 1941, lost many of its famous churches. bombed to bomb bombing having bombed to be bombed

No doubt, robots are having a dramatic effect______the labor market in this country. in over about with on

Wife: Our visit to London is really rewarding. What do you think, darling? Husband:______We’ ve really got something from this visit. Wife: Don’ t forget the shopping before we leave this lovely city. Husband: I’ ve carved it in my mind. Don’ t worry. I get it. Well, I don’t think the way you do. You bet. I’ m glad to hear that. I’ m sorry to hear that.

—So, what did you think? —Really, not at all bad. She’ s different from how she appears on TV, that actress, isn’ t she? —Yes, she’ s not so believable. —Yes, ______. but this new scriptwriter certainly knows how to increase the tension. she has many loyal fans she is an experienced actress she looks very pale her lack of stage experience was a bit obvious she has practised a lot

When difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: they’ ve been heard and they’ ve been understood. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening. [*] The first step is cooperating. How does a difficult person know that you’ re listening and understanding? In fact, it’ s through the way you look and should while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding. When the person begins to repeat what’ s been said, it’ s a signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that you’ re listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important. Having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask some open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy. The fourth step is to summarize what you’ ve heard. This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person are on the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if you’ ve shown that you’ ve making an effort to understand completely. This increases the possibility of gaining cooperation from him. Having listened carefully, you’ ve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels that his thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood. When enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative. Questions 56 ~ 60 Complete the chart with no more than three words from the passage. [*]

By the mid-19th century most of Europe was in the first stage of the demographic transition. Death rate had decreased, as wars, famines(饥荒)and diseases had; local food shortages were rarer, thanks to better economic organization and transport; public health, medical care and the control of infectious diseases had improved. The population increased rapidly, as Maithus had predicted. Between 1800 and 1900 Europe’ s population doubled, to over 400 million, whereas that of Asia, further behind in the demographic transition, increased by less than 50% , to about 950 million. But something else was happening there that would have taken Malthus by surprise: as people came to expect to live longer, and better, they started to have fewer children. They realized they no longer needed several babies just to ensure that two or three would survive. And as they moved from country to town, they also found that children were no longer an economic property that could be set to work at an early age, but a responsibility to be fed, housed and (some of them)educated, for years. Worse, with too many children, a mother would find it hard to take and keep a job, to add to the family income. Nor were the young any longer a guarantee against a poor old age: in the new industrial society, they were likelier to go their own way. Thanks to Europe’ s newborn limitation, in the past 100 years or so its population has risen only 80% , to 730 million, and most countries’ birth rate is now so low that numbers are unchanging or falling. But their composition is very different from the past: better living standards, health condition and medical treatment are multiplying old heads, even as the number of young ones shrinks. In contrast, Asia’ s population over the same time has nearly increased four times, to more than 3.6 billion. North America’ s too has grown almost as fast, but largely thanks to immigration. Africa’ s has multiplied 5 times, and Latin America’ s nearly sevenfold. Why these differences? From around 1950, death rate in developing countries also began to fall, and much faster than it ever had in Europe. The knowledge about how to avoid premature death of small children travelled so readily that life expectancy in many poor countries is now not far behind the rich world’ s. But the attitudes and values that persuade people to have fewer children are taking longer to adjust. Questions 66 ~ 70 Answer the following questions according to the passage.

Pablo Picasso drew pictures before he could talk. As a child, he sat happily with his paper and pencils and drew for hours. His father, a painter, was very happy that his son liked to draw, but he didn’ t know that one day Pablo would be one of the greatest artists of the twentieth century. Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 in Malaga, Spain. He was a very bad student, and he hated school. Instead of studying, he drew pictures. When he was only 8 years old, he finished his first oil painting. It had beautiful colors. Picasso never sold this painting. When Pablo was 14, his family moved to Barcelona. He wanted to go to the school of Fine Arts. To get into the school, a student had to finish a painting in one month. Picasso finished his painting in one day. When he was 18, Picasso went to live in Paris. He was very poor at first. He lived in a small room and at night worked by only the light of a candle. Sometimes he didn’ t even have money for a candle. But Pablo Picasso had a strong personality. He believed in himself. He created one piece of amazing art after another. He met important people, and they began to buy his work. Eventually Picasso became rich and famous. Picasso was unusual in many ways. For example, for a long time, he didn’t want a telephone. Then one day his son almost died because he couldn’ t call for help. Picasso was also strange because he didn ’ t throw anything away, not even an empty cigarette package. He liked to be alone, so he locked his studio and wouldn’ t let anyone in. Picasso loved animals. He had a monkey, a goat, snakes, and many dogs. He was married twice, but was not very close to his family and friends. His work was more important to him than people were. Picasso lived a long and full life. He never stopped working. He painted 200 pictures during the year he was 90. He was still working on the day he died at the age of 91. Picasso left the world the genius of his art. Questions 71 - 75 Complete the summary with a maximum of two words from the passage, changing the form where necessary. This passage tells us the life of Pablo Picasso, one of the greatest artists of the twentieth century. Pablo Picasso was bom in 1881 in Malaga, 【R1】______. When he was young, he hated going to school. Instead, he enjoyed drawing pictures very much. At the age of 【R2】______, Picasso finished his first oil painting. When he was 14, his family moved to Barcelona. Then when he was 18, he went to live in Paris 【R3】______he had a difficult time and worked hard every day. Thanks to his strong will and self-confidence, Picasso eventually became successful in the art world. However, Pablo was also a strange person in some aspects. For example, he didn’ t throw anything away, not even an empty cigarette package. Pablo 【R4】______all his life to working on painting and created more than two hundred pictures in the year before he 【R5】______.

“Home, sweet home“ is a phrase that expresses an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet. 【M1】______ The cherished ideal of home has great importance for many people. This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of the American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house for one’ s family, and start a farm. These small 【M2】______ households were portraits of independence:the entire family-mother, father, children, 【M3】______ even grandparents—live in a small house and working together to support each 【M4】______ other. Anyone understood the life and death, importance of family cooperation and 【M5】______ hard work. Although most people in the United States no longer live on farms, but the ideal 【M6】______ of home ownership is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth. When U. S. soldiers came home before World War II, for example, they 【M7】______ dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was a tremendous boom in 【M8】______ home building. The new houses, typically in the suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied a deep need. Many regarded the single-family 【M9】______ house as the basis their way of life. 【M10】______

【T1】人人都需要朋友，若你在交朋友方面总是失败，就该反省自己，看是否你的个性有什么问题。 (if)或许你有些在社交上应该避讳的缺点，比如势力、饶舌、说脏话等，这些都会妨碍你结交新朋友。【T2】无论你有什么社交缺点，都该正视它们，尽力摒弃。 (whatever) 要友善，你一定要给人友好的感觉：快乐是友善的基础。一个快乐的人总会面带微笑。微笑好似有吸引力的磁铁，你对别人微笑，你也会得到他微笑的回报。无论在哪里，友善之人都会让陌生人有居家般自在舒适的感觉，设身处地为陌生人考虑，让他有备受欢迎的感觉。尽量记住人名。对新认识的朋友直呼其名会令他们很高兴，【T3】他们会觉得你对他有了一定的印象，这说明你记住了他们，这对他们很重要。 (it) 【T4】若在某件事上你不能与别人达成一致意见，你该表现出友好。 (if引导状语从句)可以讨论，但不要争吵：争吵过甚会使你失去朋友。友善之人常为他人考虑，不会为自己争取“权力”。【T5】不顾及别人的人，他的朋友寥寥无几。 (定语从句)最后，切勿以社会地位论人。真正的友善之人往往尊重别人。

Which English word is always pronounced incorrectly?

Femi, Martin and James catch trains to go to the same destination. Femi catches the 8:15 a. m. train. Martin’ s train journey takes twice as long as James’. Martin leaves 15 minutes before Femi and arrives at noon. James catches the 11:30 a. m. train. What time does James arrive at the destination?

Suppose you are not satisfied with the food, service and environment in the canteen at your university. Write a letter to President of your university to make complaint and give suggestions at the same time. You should write no fewer than 80 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address. Now write the letter on the answer sheet.

Summary Listen to the passage. For questions 26 -30, complete the notes using no more than three words for each blank. The McDonald’ s restaurants were started by the McDonald 【D6】______. They wanted to give people quick, easy and cheap meals. They had several ideas. They 【D7】______a smaller menu, made people come to the counter for their food and did not put any seats in the restaurant. People like the fast, cheap food, so McDonald’ s became very 【D8】______. Nowadays these restaurants are found 【D9】______, and McDonald’ s is one of the great 【D10】______stories of the twentieth century.Summary Listen to the passage. For questions 26~30， complete the notes using no more than three words for each blank. There were two McDonalds—Mac and Dick—and they were brothers. In 1948， they owned a restaurant in California， USA. They like working in the restaurant， but they got tired of the customers ordering so many different things to eat. “If we gave customers a smaller menu， we could prepare some of the food in advance， and they wouldn’t have to wait so long for their meals，” said one of the brothers. The other brother agreed and added， “If we made the customers come to the counter， we wouldn’t need any waiters or waitresses. We could also use disposable plates so there wouldn’t be any washing-up to do.” These were such good ideas that the brothers used them， and the customers were very pleased. They got their meals at lightning speed—in less than a minute— and paid only fifteen cents for hamburgers and ten cents for fries. The first McDonald’s restaurant had no seats for customers to sit on. This meant that people had to take their food away and that no one had to clean up any tables after them. Then a man called Ray Kroc came to see the brothers. He wanted to purchase their business. They agreed to send it to him for US $27 million. After that， people said Ray Kroc for the right to open their own restaurants using the McDonald’s name and menu. Before long， there were McDonald’s restaurants throughout the United States， and nowadays they are all over the world—even in China and Russia. McDonald’s restaurants are successful because children love going to them. They hand out toys and games and the children love the food.

He has been caught______ the rain and is wet______the skin. by; to in; to in; through to; in by;on

I should have gone to the party of theirs, but______. I was not invited I’m not among the invited I have not been invited I’ m not being invited I have not invited

The Dead Sea, the lowest point on earth and the largest “Natural Spa“ in the world, is also one of the world’ s true natural wonders and a unique tourism destination. Starting with the Dead Sea itself, a one-of-a-kind body of water, 417 meters(1, 373 ft.)below sea level with mineral-rich waters and mud flow with natural health and beautifying effect acclaimed globally. But that’ s not all. Visitors to the Dead Sea come to a world of blue skies, year-round sunshine, magnificent natural landscape, and extraordinary touring options, such as thrilling encounters with history and exploration of the living desert.

Which word is the odd one out? London, Paris, Dublin, The Hague, Vienna