Which of the following is true according to the speaker?The focus of a public health intervention is to prevent and manage diseases, injuries and other health conditions through surveillance of cases and the promotion of healthy behaviors, communities and environments. Many diseases are preventable through simple, non-medical methods. For example, research has shown that the simple act of hand washing with soap can prevent many contagious diseases. In other cases, treating a disease or controlling a pathogen can be vital to preventing its spread to others, such as during an outbreak of infectious disease, or contamination of food or water supplies. Public health communications programs, vaccination programs, and distribution of condoms are examples of common public health measures. Measures such as these have contributed greatly to the health of populations and increases in life expectancy. Public health plays an important role in disease prevention efforts in both the developing world and in developed countries, through local health systems and non-governmental organizations. The World Health Organization (WHO)is the international agency that coordinates and acts on global public health issues. Most countries have their own government public health agencies, sometimes known as ministries of health, to respond to domestic health issues. For example in the United States, the front line of public health initiatives are state and local health departments. The United States Public Health Service (PHS), led by the Surgeon General of the United States, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, headquartered in Atlanta, are involved with several international health activities, in addition to their national duties. In Canada, the Public Health Agency of Canada is the national agency responsible for public health, emergency preparedness and response, and infectious and chronic disease control and prevention. The Public health system in India is managed by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of the government of India with state owned health care facilities. There is a great disparity in access to health care and public health initiatives between developed and developing nations. In the developing world, public health infrastructures are still forming. There may not be enough trained health workers or monetary resources to provide even a basic level of medical care and disease prevention. As a result, a large majority of disease and mortality in the developing world results from and contributes to extreme poverty. For example, many African governments spend less than US $ 10 per person per year on health care, while, in the United States, the federal government spent approximately US $4,500 per capita in 2000. However, expenditures on health care should not be confused with spending on public health. Public health measures may not generally be considered “health care“ in the strictest sense. For example, mandating the use of seat belts in cars can save countless lives and contribute to the health of a population, but typically money spent enforcing this rule would not count as money spent on health care. The focus of a personal health intervention is to prevent unhealthy behaviors. Many diseases are preventable through simple, non-medical methods. Hand washing with soap can prevent serious diseases. The health of population is closely related to exercises.

What happened last night?I knew they wanted to drink me under the table last night, but I stuck to my limits. I had too much to drink. I was so drunk that I was under the table. They wanted me to stick to my limits. I didn’t get drunk.

Why are travelers experiencing more stress than ever as they check in at the airport?In this post-911 era, airport security is stricter than ever before. Due to the thorough check-in processes required to get to your gate, travelers are experiencing more stress than ever as they try to pass through the maze of people, ID checks, luggage scans and personal searches. Use these helpful hints to make your check-in process smooth. 1)Purchasing Tickets: Purchase your tickets as far in advance as possible. First of all it will save you money, but it will also decrease the likelihood of a thorough personal search. 2)Checking In: Most airlines will allow you to check-in online and print your boarding pass at home. Checking in online can help decrease the stress of having to be at the airport hours in advance. 3)Airport Arrival: Before you leave home make sure you have proper identification. Once you arrive at the airport, prepare to show your boarding pass and identification prior to entering the Security Checkpoint. 4)Security Checkpoint: Getting through the Security Checkpoint can be the most stressful part of your trip. Make sure to keep your boarding pass in your hands at all times, use the bins for items like your purse, wallet, belt, cell phone, shoes and contents of your pocket. If you brought a laptop make sure to take it out and put the computer in its own individual bin for scanning. Once all your items are in the bins, make sure you watch them enter the X-Ray machine before stepping through the metal detector. Show the airport employee your boarding pass then go to the end of the X-Ray to gather your belongings quickly. 5)Boarding the Plane: Now that you’ve passed the security checkpoint you may have some time to spare for shopping, eating or just sitting and relaxing near your gate. First check the boards of incoming and outgoing flights to find your gate and your departure time. Make sure to allocate your time appropriately until they call for your flight to board over the loudspeaker. Due to the thorough check-in processes. Due to luggage scans. Due to the maze of people. Due to personal searches.

Which statement about the Scottish independence referendum is correct?The Scottish independence referendum was a referendum on Scottish independence that took place in Scotland on 18 September 2014. The independence referendum question was “Should Scotland be an independent country?“. The “No“ side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%)voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44. 7% )voting in favor. The turnout of 84. 6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage. The Scottish Independence Referendum Bill, setting out the arrangements for this referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish and the United Kingdom governments, and was enacted as the Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013. To pass, the independence proposal required a simple majority. With some exceptions, all European Union or Commonwealth citizens resident in Scotland aged 16 or over could vote, a total of almost 4. 3 million people. Yes Scotland was the main campaign group for independence, while Better Together was the main campaign group in favor of maintaining the union. Many other campaign groups, political parties, businesses, newspapers and prominent individuals were also involved. Prominent issues raised by the Better Together campaign during the referendum included which currency an independent Scotland would use, public expenditure, EU membership, and North Sea oil. Queen Elizabeth II issued a politically neutral statement following the referendum, stating that it was “ a result that all of us throughout the United Kingdom will respect. “ She said that she and her family would support all efforts to “ work constructively for the future of Scotland and indeed all parts of this country. “ Prime Minister David Cameron said he was “delighted“ with the result, going on to say that “ it would have broken my heart to see our United Kingdom come to an end and I know that this sentiment was shared not just by people across our country but also around the world“. Alex Salmond, the Scottish First Minister, stated that he accepted the “verdict of the people“ and called upon “all Scots to follow suit in accepting the democratic verdict of the people of Scotland“. He called the referendum a “triumph for the democratic process and for participation in politics“. The question was “should Scotland be financially independent from Britain?“ 55. 3% of the voters voted in favor of independence. It witnessed the highest recorded turnout for an election in the U. K. in history. A overwhelming majority of Scottish voted for independence.

Mass tourism is a form of tourism that involves tens of thousands of people going to the same resort often at the same time of a year. It is the 【L1】______of tourism as it is often the cheapest way to holiday, and is often 【L2】______a Package Deal. A package deal is one in which all of the tourists’ needs are catered for by one company. These needs include flights, activities, 【L3】______and sometimes food (called full board when all meals are included, half board includes 【L4】______whilst self-catering means you cook for yourself). These types of holiday are often the opposite of 【L5】______and ecological tourism. There are many types of mass tourism, including skiing in the mountains, 【L6】______, visiting a theme park or 【L7】______. Governments and local people often support mass tourism because it generates a lot of 【L8】______for local areas. Advantages First, jobs are generated by tourism in many areas — in the 【L9】______of the resorts, in travel, in 【L10】______and in other service related industries. Second, roads, rail, facilities, 【L11】______etc. all need improving to accommodate the tourists — local people 【L12】______these infrastructure developments. Third, the 【L13】______increases so the local government can invest in schools, 【L14】______and social services. Fourth, tourists introduce new 【L15】______— this causes cultural understanding. Disadvantages First, jobs can be 【L16】______— especially in beach and skiing based resorts. People can therefore find themselves out of work 【L17】______. Second, tourists 【L18】______huge amounts of resources including food and water — this type of tourism is particularly unsustainable 【L19】______. Third, land is lost from 【L20】______to tourist developments.Mass tourism is a form of tourism that involves tens of thousands of people going to the same resort often at the same time of a year. It is the most popular form of tourism as it is often the cheapest way to holiday, and is often sold as a Package Deal. A package deal is one in which all of the tourists’ needs are catered for by one company. These needs include flights, activities, accommodation and sometimes food (called full board when all meals are included, half board includes two meals a day whilst self-catering means you cook for yourself). These types of holiday are often the opposite of sustainable tourism and ecological tourism. There are many types of mass tourism, including skiing in the mountains, sunbathing on a beach, visiting a theme park or taking a cruise. Governments and local people often support mass tourism because it generates a lot of income for local areas. Advantages First, jobs are generated by tourism in many areas — in the initial construction of the resorts, in travel, in food provision and in other service related industries. Second, roads, rail, facilities, electricity services etc. all need improving to accommodate the tourists — local people benefit from these infrastructure developments. Third, the local tax base increases so the local government can invest in schools, healthcare and social services. Fourth, tourists introduce new values and cultures — this causes cultural understanding. Disadvantages First, jobs can be seasonal — especially in beach and skiing based resorts. People can therefore find themselves out of work in the off season. Second, tourists consume huge amounts of resources including food and water — this type of tourism is particularly unsustainable in this manner. Third, land is lost from farming to tourist developments.

Where did adopted foreign children come from?Immigration reports show that last year, the largest numbers of adopted foreign children came from China, Russia and South Korea. South Korea, Russia and China. South Korea, Russia and Japan. Japan, Russia and China. South Korea, Japan and China.

The three most stressful situations in life are said to be ending a marriage, dealing with death and moving to a new home. Many people would add one more experience to that list— a job interview. Finding a good job is difficult enough. Add to that the fact that employers may ask some very personal questions during a job interview. In the United States, it is illegal for employers to raise some of these issues. The interviewer is the person asking the questions. Interviewers want to learn as much as they can about the interviewee. This can cause an uneven balance of power and lead to some difficult questions. In the United States, a few of those questions are not just difficult, they are illegal. First, sex questions are off limits. It is very easy for an interviewer to discriminate based on a person’s gender or sex. If you are a woman, you may be asked, “Are you comfortable managing a team of men?“ If you are man you may be asked, “Would you feel comfortable having a woman as a boss?“ In the United States, any question related to gender should not be raised during the job interview. But if gender does come up, answer the question by stating your past work experiences that show you can do the job, regardless of whether you are a woman or a man. Second, questions about marriage and children are illegal. During a job interview, questions such as, “Do you have children?“ or “Do you plan to work after having children?“ are not legal to ask. Naturally, future employers want to know how long you plan to be with them if you are hired. Hiring people takes time and, as they say, time is money. But it is illegal to not hire someone because they have children or are planning on having a child in the future. It is legal for a prospective employer to ask, “What hours can you work?“ or “Do you have responsibilities that might keep you from doing your job?“ These questions are legal because they are directly related to the job and not tied to your personal life. Any question related to your marital status is considered illegal in the U. S. But they are common. Asking someone, “Are you married?“ is a loaded question, a question looking for more than what is simply asked. A question about marriage is illegal because it may lead to information about your sexual orientation — whether you are gay, straight or bisexual. And that is no one’s business but your own. Third, your citizenship and nationality are private. It is illegal for a U. S. business to hire someone who is not permitted to work in the country. But the only way a company can explore the issue legally is to ask the question directly — “ Can you work legally in the United States?“ If an interviewer asks things such as, “Where are you from?“ or “Where were you born?“ they have, again, crossed into Illegal Land. These may seem like innocent questions. But they are illegal because it involves your country of birth. Employers in the U. S. cannot legally ask about your nationality. This also extends to language. It is not the employer’s lawful right to know if a language is your first language. However, they can legally ask what other languages you know. Fourth, asking about religion is a no-no. Employers may want to ask which religious holidays you observe to see if it may interfere with work. But questions about your religion are illegal. Employers can legally ask if you can work on a Sunday, a day when many Christians attend religious services. Fifth, your age is your business. The question, “How long have you been working?“ may seem fine. But this question is all about age discrimination. It is also illegal for an interviewer to ask what year you completed high school or college or even your birthday. It is easy enough to do the math. It is legal for an interviewer to ask you how long you have been working in a certain industry. Again, the question is tied to the job and not your personal life. It can be difficult to answer personal questions during a job interview. If a question seems illegal or just makes you feel uneasy, simply direct the question back to the job and your qualifications. Of course, you do not have to answer any question that you feel is insulting or illegal. This, however, may cost you the job. In the end it is a personal decision. But always know your rights.

Tourists don’t have to book a hotel reservation in advance.If you don’t travel too often, you may not know how to make a hotel reservation. By following these simple steps, you can ensure that your hotel meets your needs and expectations when you arrive. First, check rates and book a hotel reservation as far in advance of the departure date as possible. Hotels tend to raise rates as availability declines. Second, use an online travel website to identify hotels in the city you are visiting or near a specific attraction, address or airport. Third, determine whether you need a standard room, one-bedroom, two-bedroom or something larger. Fourth, identify what amenities you need. The in-room conveniences to consider include disposable slippers, high-speed Internet, a refrigerator, and a TV. The out-room amenities might include an indoor or outdoor pool, fitness center, business center, restaurants and room service. Fifth, enter your arrival and departure dates as well as how many adults and children will be staying in the room. Sixth, narrow down the list to one or two hotels with the amenities you need and the best rates, and then go to those hotel websites to check rates there. Seventh, pay attention to what is included in price and what is stated in reservation policy. You might take into account whether a free breakfast is included. If something is not stated in the policy of reservation, it means an extra cost will be charged, such as drinks, beer, gums and taxes. Eighth, look at the photos and virtual tours available online to get a feel for what the hotel and its rooms look like. You may need to call the hotel to get specific information, such as check-in/check-out times and cancellation policy. Ninth, book the hotel room online or by phone. You can pay for your reservation upon arrival in hotel using cash or credit card. Tenth, print or write down your confirmation number and bring it with you on the trip. If online confirmation is delaying more than a couple of hours it would be wise to contact hotel directly and confirm our reservation via phone. 正确错误

Which of the following is true according to the speaker?The focus of a public health intervention is to prevent and manage diseases, injuries and other health conditions through surveillance of cases and the promotion of healthy behaviors, communities and environments. Many diseases are preventable through simple, non-medical methods. For example, research has shown that the simple act of hand washing with soap can prevent many contagious diseases. In other cases, treating a disease or controlling a pathogen can be vital to preventing its spread to others, such as during an outbreak of infectious disease, or contamination of food or water supplies. Public health communications programs, vaccination programs, and distribution of condoms are examples of common public health measures. Measures such as these have contributed greatly to the health of populations and increases in life expectancy. Public health plays an important role in disease prevention efforts in both the developing world and in developed countries, through local health systems and non-governmental organizations. The World Health Organization (WHO)is the international agency that coordinates and acts on global public health issues. Most countries have their own government public health agencies, sometimes known as ministries of health, to respond to domestic health issues. For example in the United States, the front line of public health initiatives are state and local health departments. The United States Public Health Service (PHS), led by the Surgeon General of the United States, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, headquartered in Atlanta, are involved with several international health activities, in addition to their national duties. In Canada, the Public Health Agency of Canada is the national agency responsible for public health, emergency preparedness and response, and infectious and chronic disease control and prevention. The Public health system in India is managed by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of the government of India with state owned health care facilities. There is a great disparity in access to health care and public health initiatives between developed and developing nations. In the developing world, public health infrastructures are still forming. There may not be enough trained health workers or monetary resources to provide even a basic level of medical care and disease prevention. As a result, a large majority of disease and mortality in the developing world results from and contributes to extreme poverty. For example, many African governments spend less than US $ 10 per person per year on health care, while, in the United States, the federal government spent approximately US $4,500 per capita in 2000. However, expenditures on health care should not be confused with spending on public health. Public health measures may not generally be considered “health care“ in the strictest sense. For example, mandating the use of seat belts in cars can save countless lives and contribute to the health of a population, but typically money spent enforcing this rule would not count as money spent on health care. The focus of a personal health intervention is to prevent unhealthy behaviors. Many diseases are preventable through simple, non-medical methods. Hand washing with soap can prevent serious diseases. The health of population is closely related to exercises.

The following are common public health measures except______.

What do we know about public health system in the United States?

Developing countries face the following challenges in health care, except that______.

Which of the following opinions is NOT valid?