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试卷名称:普通高校专升本英语阅读理解专项强化真题试卷14

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There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the finding of science. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth with the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people’s likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people—as did Darwin’s theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But it’s hardly so with technology and we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the choice of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the choice of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, technology must be measured in terms of the human factor, The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.

Which of the following statements about science is NOT true?

A．Science provides answers to theoretical questions.

B．Science seeks to comprehend the universe.

C．Science aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them.

D．Science serves people in general and can be measured in terms of the human factor.

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Which of the following statements about technology is NOT true?

A．Technology provides answers to practical problems.

B．Technology seeks to establish theories based on facts.

C．Technology helps change the material world.

D．Technology has to do with new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily life.

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According to the author, scientific theories( ).

A．must be strictly objective

B．usually pay attention to people’s likes and dislikes

C．should conform to popular opinions

D．always convince everyone

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The author states that technology itself( ).

A．is responsible for pollution and resource exhaustion

B．should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselves

C．will lead to a better world if put to wise use

D．will inevitably be for bad motivation

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The tone of the author in this passage is( ).

A．ironical

B．critical

C．factual

D．arbitrary

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Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car, most people feel that they are poor. An even if a person is poor he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the Unite States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three main reasons the car became so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable and cheapest form of transportation. With a car people can go any place without spending a lot of money. The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays, there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently. The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don’t like to wait for a bus or a train or even a plane. They don’t like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have. The gas shortage has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas.

There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the finding of science. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth with the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people’s likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people—as did Darwin’s theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But it’s hardly so with technology and we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the choice of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the choice of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, technology must be measured in terms of the human factor, The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.

Of all the family members, grandparents are probably the least valued. They are just the people who have always been around. They make a fuss over the children in the family, show off to their friends the achievements of this child or that child, and show countless pictures of new babies. Grandfathers can fix anything, and grandmothers always have homemade biscuits around. When you are small, it’s fun to stay with your grandparents because they always let you do things you can’t do at home, and, of course, they buy you things. They are always able to babysit because they don’t go out much and actually prefer to see their grandchildren. They are usually good for a small loan now and then that doesn’t need to be paid back because they turn it into a gift. You respectfully listen to their advice but don’t thank them politely for what they do for you, and then don’t call or visit them until you need something else. And, of course, you never tell them how dear they are to you because they know how you feel about them anyway. Then all of a sudden, they are no longer there to do the things that only grandparents can do, and you find yourself wishing that you had told them what they meant to you as people and not just as grandparents.

Many American colleges permit foreign students to live in college housing or housing not owned by the university, such as an apartment. College housing is usually in a dormitory, or dorm for short. Many foreign students say that the dorms are less costly than apartments. They say dorms offer quiet study areas and areas for social activities or sports. They say dorms are close to places they go every day, like the library, computer center and classrooms. They also say that living in the room provides the best chance to get to know other students. Dormitories may have as few as twelve students or as many as one thousand. Some dorms are organized into areas called suites. Suites have several bedrooms, a large, living area and a bathroom. Six or more people may live in one suite. Other dorms have many rooms along a hallway. Two students usually live in each room. On each floor there is a large bathroom for all the students who live on that floor. Sometimes there is also a kitchen for preparing food. In most universities, males and females live in the same dorm. They may even live on the same floor. But they usually may not live in the same room or suite. Most universities have some dorms for men and women.

On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Clarke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with some money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursday. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone. At six o’ clock she came home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry. Over a cup of tea she was wondering whether someone had a key that fitted her front door—“ a master key“perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time, dressed as usual, but she didn’t go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait. It was just after four o’ clock when the front door bell rang. Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly toward the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.

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