(72)To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship“ to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor(努力)to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent(慈善的)or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction— the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs.(73)Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985 , when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration(恢复)of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside new. King Customer ruled!

The manager’ s reply______that he was not really interested in the project. offered showed advised described

She didn’ t tell the reason______she was absent from the important lecture. what which how why

Food, clothing and shelter are the______needs for all of us. careful attractive strange basic

I feel it is my responsibility______you of our decision. inform to inform informing informed

______is often the case, one third of the workers have over-fulfilled the production plan. What This That As

I decide to leave the company next month, where I______for exactly three years. work is working will be working will have worked

Many people have applied for the______position. empty bare vacant blank

To learn Chinese cooking, you should practice______. so much you can so much as you can much as you can as much as you can

______, the professor is still trying to learn a new language. However he is old Old as he is He is as old As old is he

Will all those______the proposal raise their hands? in relation to in contrast to in excess of in favor of

It was during his stay in the countryside______he began to learn English. when that which what

Computer technology makes it______for people to work from home. harmful serious possible difficult

(72)To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship“ to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor(努力)to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent(慈善的)or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction— the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs.(73)Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985 , when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration(恢复)of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside new. King Customer ruled!

Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉)can cut highway crashes(撞毁). Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion.(74)Bent stripes, called chevrons(人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to repeat Japan’ s success. Starting next year, the Foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal(致命)traffic accidents, according to the Foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the Foundation will carry its tests in areas where speed-related hazards(危险)are the greatest—curves(弯), exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars(水平障碍物)painted across roads can initially(最初)cut the average speed of drivers in half.(75)However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are, but also make a lane(车道)appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.

A. Today socialist China is standing rock-firm in the East, oriented toward modernization, the world and the future. B. The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be accompanied by the thriving of Chinese culture. C. Social development is closely related to the people’ s well-being. D. Health provides the foundation for people ’ s all-round development and has a direct bearing on the happiness of each family.

To preserve food, the growth of bacteria(细菌)must be controlled. Water, warmth, and food are all needed for bacteria to become strong and healthy. Some kinds of bacteria need air, but other kinds grow only when air is absent. Extremes of temperature, either hot or cold, can kill bacteria. Before electric ice-boxes were invented, freezing and cooling were limited by the cold climate. In warmer regions, food was cooled by putting it in the shade, in cold water from the well, or in pits(坑)in the ground. (71)Cooking will usually kill bacteria if the temperature is high enough and the high temperature lasts long enough. Certain methods of cooking remove water, and this aids in preserving food. Drying is the oldest and most common method of preserving food. Food can be dried by the sun, by heat or by combination of the two. Salt was used by many hunting people. When people began to eat vegetables, salt became a needed part of their life. Salt helps to preserve food because it slows or stops bacteria to grow. Other chemicals besides salt are used in preserving food. Some people oppose the use of chemicals in food. They say that these chemicals may harm people if the chemicals can harm bacteria.

I’d say the goal of this site is to basically link parents in the same situation with disabled children and exchange ideas with one another.

A lot of real businesses are focusing on the Internet as a way of building sales, but some people with nothing to sell are creating their own Web sites to announce wedding plans, show off pictures of their kids or just have communications.

She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies.

Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active.

The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ______.

According to the passage, “ to move as much of these goods as possible“(Para. 1)means ______ .

What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?

In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on______.