Do you ever automatically say “God bless you“ when someone sneezes? Did you ever cross your fingers when making a wish? Most people who do these things never think about why they do them. They just do them. But there is a reason. Both acts are meant to insure good luck. They are little superstitions that have come down to us from an earlier time, when everybody believed in good and evil spirits. And even in our modern world, when men are traveling to the moon, we are still practicing some of these ancient habits in our daily lives. In ancient times, men believed that the soul lived in the head. Every time someone sneezed, he was risking the danger of dislodging that soul and blowing it out the nose into the outside world. So, as insurance against a lost soul, people would say “God bless you“ to be sure that God would catch the soul and return it to its rightful owner. Some people today toss a bit of salt over their left shoulder if they happen to spill any at the dinner table. This practice once had a serious purpose. In an earlier time, men believed that evil spirits always stood on their left side and good sprits on the right. So any time they spilled some of the precious stuff, they would throw a bit of it over their left shoulder to keep away the evil spirits. Since the evil spirits stood on the left, and the good spirits on the right, the right side was considered the lucky side of the body. Putting your best foot forward meant starting out on the lucky side, with your right foot first. That was a guarantee of good luck at whatever you were about to do. We still speak of “putting your best foot forward“ , although we don’t always start walking with the right foot.

Last year the advertising rate______by 20 percent. raised aroused arose rose

The first, second, and third prizes went to Jack, Tom, and Harry______. equally differential similarly respectively

He had never given a speech to so many people, so he felt______. excited stupid disappointed nervous

It is impossible to ______ with a person whose methods are completely opposed to your own. cooperate correspond compete compare

The shop assistant______ me $25 for this suitcase. cost charged spent demanded

Please be sure to telephone me the next time you______. will come would come shall come come

If you don’t______ smoking you will never get better. prevent from give up forgive keep away

When I try to understand______ that prevents so many Americans from being so happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. why it does what it does what it is why it is

The speech ______, a lively discussion started. to deliver be delivered delivering having been delivered

______ evidence that language-acquiring ability must be stimulated. It being It is There is There being

What he told us about the accident does not______. make any sense mean any point mean any importance take anything

Evidence came up______specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old. what that which whom

______me the money for my tuition then, I would be working on the farm now. Had my uncle not lent Shouldn’t my uncle lend Would my uncle lend If my uncle not lent

I would rather I______her three years ago. will not marry had not married have not married will not have married

We don’t have beds in the spacecraft, but we do have sleeping bags. During the day, when we are working, we leave the bags tied to the wall, out of the way. At bedtime we untie them and take them wherever we’ ve chosen to sleep. On most spacecraft flights everyone sleeps at the same time. No one has to stay awake to watch over the spacecraft; the craft’ s computers call us on the radio. On the spacecraft, sleep-time doesn’ t mean nighttime. During each ninety-minute orbit(轨道)the sun “ rises“ and shines through our windows for about fifty minutes, then it “ sets“ as the spacecraft takes us around the dark side of the Earth. To keep the sun out of our eyes, we wear black sleep masks. It is surprisingly easy to get comfortable and fall asleep in space. Every astronaut(宇航员)sleeps differently: some sleep upside down, some sideways, and some right side up. When it’ s time to sleep, I take my bag, my sleep mask and my tape player with earphones and float(漂浮)up to the flight deck(驾驶舱). Then I get into the bag, and float in a sitting position just above a seat, right next to a window. Before I pull the mask down over my eyes, I relax for a while, listening to music and watching the Earth go by under me.

To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “ persuasive salesmanship“ to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent(慈善的)or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction— the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant part of the public brought about a prompt restoration(恢复)of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside new. King Customer ruled!

This part is to test your ability to do practical writing. You are required to write a Notice according to the following instructions given in Chinese. Remember to do your writing on the Answer Sheet. The first sentence has been done for you. 说明：以办公室名义写一份有关会议室的使用须知。内容如下： 1．保持会议室整洁； 2．会后请带走您的文件和私人用品，关闭所有电器(请举例)，关闭会议室所有门窗； 3．其他注意事项(内容自加)； 4．表示感谢； 5．日期：2013年6月20日。 Notice The conference room is available to all, but we need your help to follow the rules listed below: ______

When he arrived, he found______the aged and the sick at home. nothing but none but none other no other than

The student was just about to______the question, when suddenly he found the answer. arrive at give up submit to work out

We are all for your proposal that the discussion______. be put off was put off should put off is to put off

The main idea of the passage is that______.

Ancient men believed that the soul lived in the______.

Today, most people practice superstitions______.

According to superstition, evil spirits stood______.

To make a wish come true, you should______.