The increase of families headed by single parents was one of the most striking changes in the 1980s. By the end of the decade, 28% of the children in the United States lived with a single parent, a percentage doubled that of 1970. Almost one-third of these children lived with a parent who had never married. Many of these parents had given birth as teenagers. Nearly half of all babies delivered by white teenage mothers in the mid-1980s were born out of marriage. For black teenage mothers the figure was 90% Between 1960 and 1985, the proportion of births to unmarried teenage mothers increased from just over 15% to 58%. Divorces and separations accounted for the other single-parent families. The economic consequences of living in a single-parent household were stunning. It was reported in 1991 that the average income in two-parent families was more than $ 40 000; in homes headed by divorced mothers, around $ 16 000; and in the homes of never-married mothers, under $ 9 000. The never-married mothers were frequently poor before giving birth to children, and figures for 1985 showed that only one in nine received child support payments from the father of the children. About 54 percent of fathers who had divorced their children’s mother and not remarried made child-support payments. For those who had remarried, the figure dropped to 42%. When payments were made, they tended to be very little. Single-parent homes relied more heavily than others on outside-the-home childcare arrangements, with the children placed in the care of family and friends as schedules permitted. Older children cared for younger ones at earlier ages. More children spent more time at home alone. National surveys indicated that children growing up in a single-parent family were more likely than those raised in two-parent homes to drop out of high school, marry as teenagers, bear children before marrying, and experience unsatisfying marriages themselves. Even though a majority of children from single-parent families did not have these experiences, their prospects for having them were relatively high.

Which child was supposed to be raised in better environments?

A．The child of a never-married mother.

B．The child from a two-parent family.

C．The child whose father had divorced his wife and remarried.

D．The child whose father had divorced his wife but not remarried.

Which of the following statements is Not true?

A．Single parent children usually take care of themselves.

B．Older children cared for younger ones at earlier ages.

C．Single parents usually arrange for someone like a nurse to take care of the children.

D．Single parents usually put their children in the care of family and friends temporarily.

National Surveys showed that children from a single-parent family were more likely than those raised in two-parent homes______.

A．to be independent

B．to marry late in their life

C．to achieve great success in their academic field

D．to have unhappy family lives

— Do you enjoy your present job?—______. I just do it for a living. Of course Not really Not likely Not a little

Tom is a very______student, nice and polite towards his teachers as well as his schoolmates. respective respectful respectable respecting

The business is risky. But______. we succeed we would be rich. will would should must

I like watching TV______to the cinema. more than going than going rather than to go more than to go

______I admit that there are problems, I don’t think that they cannot be solved. Unless Until As While

The tape recorder______out of order, the students did not know what to do. was being has been was being

We can assign the task to______is capable and trustworthy. whom who whoever whomever

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Scientists are uncovering the secrets of twin port cities lost under the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, a researcher said recently. Herakleion and Menouthis were rich and proud cities until something reduced them to rubble (碎石)and buried them in the mud beneath 30 feet of sea water, French underwater explorer Franck Goddio said at the American Geophysical Union conference. “This is a mystery that is ongoing,“ said Goddio, a founder of the European Institute of Marine Archeology (海洋考古学), a Paris-based underwater research organization backed by the wealthy Hilti Foundation of Liechtenstein (列支敦士登基金会). The destruction of the twin port cities has haunted Goddio ever since he happened upon the site about 15 miles from Alexandria while exploring sunken ships from Napoleon’s fleet. Goddio and his group of expert divers, marine archeologists and others, is using high powered vacuums, satellite navigation systems and sophisticated sonar (声纳) to excavate (挖掘) the sunken cities from underneath a carpet of silt about one meter (three feet) high. Walls of shops, remains of streets and gold artifacts have been found and recovered. Some experts believe that the port cities were destroyed by a series of massive earthquakes, much like the quakes scientists believe felled Troy (特洛伊城), Jericho and other ancient cities. The uniform direction of the collapsed columns and walls suggest an earthquake, Goddio said, but no fault lines have been found nearby. Other researchers believe a massive wave, caused by either an offshore earthquake or a distant underwater landslide, could explain the catastrophe. Still others think rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities. “The argument, as you can see, continues,“ Goddio said.

If I (leave)______a little earlier, I would have caught the train.

They are all opposed to (put)______the meeting off.

People (live)______comfortably in the towns hardly feel the pleasure of living in the country.

After a medical examination, the doctor gave me a (favor)______report on my health.

______(surprise), he has passed the national entrance examination for graduate student;.

We appreciate the good quality of your products, but unfortunately your price appears to be on the high side.

No one was______in the accident. injured wounded suffered spoiled

The tenant must be prepared to decorate the property in accordance______the terms of the agreement. of with as like

Let’s invite everybody in the English Department to the party,______? will you can you must we shall we

Reading is to the mind______food is to the body. what that whose which

Not until a monkey is several years old______to exhibit signs of independence from its mother. it does begin when it begins does it begin before it begins

What was the percentage of children living with a parent who had never married in the United States in the end of the 1980s?

Single-parent children refer to those whose parents______.

Which child was supposed to be raised in better environments?

Which of the following statements is Not true?

National Surveys showed that children from a single-parent family were more likely than those raised in two-parent homes______.