大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷451 - 众享搜题网

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Every day a keeper at Prague Zoo leads half a dozen baby flamingos on a walk through the grounds. Abandoned by their parents, these young wading birds still need help with some of the basics of growing up, including how to use their long legs. “We raise the young pink flamingoes ourselves because their parents don’t take care of them for reasons unknown to us,” said Lenka Pastorcakova, a spokeswoman for Prague Zoo. Prague Zoo has kept flamingos for 50 years but recently keepers began to notice that some parents were not looking after their newborn chicks. Used to living in flocks, fledglings who are abandoned run the risk of not learning how to socialize and how to walk properly. The zoo is making sure to take the birds out in groups and let them test out different surfaces, including tarmac and grass. The lessons seem to have paid off. While some of the birds are still cautious and tread gingerly along behind the zookeeper, others dash ahead confidently before wheeling back to rejoin the group. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. Why are the baby flamingos raised by keepers in Prague Zoo? 2. What do we know about Prague Zoo’s lessons for baby flamingos? Because they don’t know how to use their long legs. Because they are abandoned by their parents. Because they need to learn how to socialize. Because they need help with the basics of growing up.

André Harris doesn’t consider himself a hero. But most people would agree that saving an infant from a burning car is pretty heroic. The tow truck driver was finishing up a job in the county last Friday night when he saw smoke coming from a car about 60 yards down a hill. “I noticed a lady running up, so I popped on the beacons and asked if anyone was in the car.” he said. There was someone in the car— 7-month-old Demarcus Richardson. The woman had gotten her baby unhooked from the car seat, but she wasn’t able to pull him out. “I was down the hill trying to break the glass with my hand,” he said. “I got it broken and was reaching in the car. I couldn’t see because of the smoke.” Harris was worried the car could burst into flames, so he held Demarcus in his left arm and pulled the mother up the hill with his right. “We got to the top of the hill, I looked back and the whole compartment where the baby had been was engulfed in flames.” Harris said. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. Why would most people consider André Harris a hero? 4. What did Harris do before the car burst into flames? Because he stopped a car rushing down a hill. Because he put out a forest fire. Because he helped a woman find her lost child. Because he saved an infant from a burning car.

Delta Air Lines announced on Friday it will allow travellers to use facial recognition at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport in what the company has billed as the first “biometric terminal” in the US. Delta said fliers will have the option of using facial recognition, rather than their passports, at several checkpoints in the international terminal of Atlanta’s airport. The technology will be available from “curb to gate,” including at self-service kiosks for check-in, baggage counters, TSA security checkpoints and boarding. International travellers arriving in the US can also use facial recognition during Customs processing. In order to use facial recognition, Delta customers must enter their passport information during online check-in or choose the option after an initial passport scan when they arrive at the terminal. Delta advised that travellers still need to carry their passports, and boarding passes will be required at the security checkpoint. Early testing showed that facial recognition saved travellers up to nine minutes per flight, according to Atlanta-based Delta. The rollout will start with Concourse F gates, which will receive facial recognition capabilities by October 15, according to the Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Delta will introduce biometrics throughout the international terminal, Terminal F, by December 1. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. What does the news report say about the first “biometric terminal” in the US? 6. What did Delta Air Lines advise travellers to do? 7. What is the advantage of using facial recognition according to Atlanta-based Delta? It will be applied to all checkpoints next Friday. It will be available to international travellers arriving in the US. It will be tested at Concourse E gate. It will be introduced in November.

W: I heard that your company is using new technology to care for the elderly. M: Yes. We are using robots to make the elderly live more comfortably. W: That is a relief for those who don’t want to go into a nursery home or anything. M: Our robots serve as caregivers inside old men’s house. They can help do a lot of things. W: Such as taking them to many places? M: Sure. They can help the elderly meet doctor’s appointments. Some robots can even do word puzzles with the old people. W: Sounds quite intelligent. Is there anything else that is special about your robots? M: Our latest model, Rudy, will help prolong seniors’ independence. So it is built in features where caregivers, emergency responders, or family can check in remotely through a Skype-like interface. W: My grandmother fell down when she lived alone up in Rhode Island and ended up losing her independence. She moved into my home. And, as a teenager, I watched my mom take care of her. I wished I had Ruby when I was in that situation. M: Can you imagine that Rudy has a sense of humor. It can tell jokes. W: Hard to believe. I heard that some robots can play games, and even dance. M: Yes. The best feature for a robot is companionship. You can talk to him all day, and he responds to you. It is good to have somebody to have a conversation with. W: A Brigham Young University study showed that when it comes to the impact on lifespan, loneliness is equal to smoking 15 cigarettes a day. So it is good to hear that robots can provide companionship for seniors. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 8. What can the robots do for the elderly? 9. What is the latest model, Rudy, designed for? 10. What is a particular feature of Rudy mentioned by the man? 11. What is the best feature of a robot? Cook for the elderly. Make appointments with doctors. Play word puzzles with the elderly. Drive the elderly to anywhere.

W: Tonight, we have Chris Anderson, the owner of TED and TED Talks, to talk to us how to give a public talk. Welcome! M: Thank you. Well, the process of one human speaking to others has deep biological roots. We have evolved these techniques over hundreds of thousands of years, but someone still gets nervous when giving public talks. W: True. What are your suggestions then? M: The single most important thing to do, if you have to give an important talk in a limited period of time, is get rid of 90% of what you think you want to talk about. Pick the one thing that is most important to you, and make it the through-line of your talk. W: Some people memorize their talk, every word, I mean. Is that a good method? M: There’s a trap in doing that, because if you sound like you’re reciting, that takes away the authenticity, actually. W: That is a good point. A lifetime of work, condensed over a few hundred hours of prep into 12, 13, 14, 18 minutes, must be quite challenging. M: Sure. A key question to ask before you give a talk is, “Why am I doing this?” Many speakers come, thinking “This is my opportunity. I have got this agenda that I want to promote these people.” W: I guess the smart audience will see through that in a moment. M: Yes. So instead, think that you’re bringing a gift, and focus the whole talk on that. Every story you tell is in service of that idea, of that gift. W: OK. Thank you for sharing your knowledge about this. M: My pleasure. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. What is the most important thing for a public talk? 13. What is the disadvantage of reciting? 14. Why does the woman say that public talks are quite challenging? 15. What is the man’s advice to those speakers who want to promote people? Having a good preparation. Reciting everything fluently. Focusing on the one most important thing. Having a rehearsal if possible.

Karen has written a touching open letter to a young mother she witnessed breaking down in Primark over her toddler’s cry and scream, to reassure her that she’s a “bloody good mum.” Karen took to the British parenting forum Mumsnet to share her support after she saw the mother sitting on the floor of the shop in tears. Explaining to other users that the mother was with her young son who was about two years old, Karen reassured her that she was not alone and should not feel judged. Saying she’s proved how good a parent she is by showing how much she cared, she added: “This is the toughest job in the world and we all have moments where it all gets too much and you just have to sit on the floor in Primark and have a good cry.” And other mothers quickly flooded the letter with support, with one user writing: “Thank you for posting this. I hope she sees it!” Sharing her own experience, another added: “My two-year-old was a little menace last night. Thankfully it was in the house but I had a good wee cry and a cup of tea. We have definitely all been there.” Praising Karen’s support, one wrote: “It’s positive reinforcement for all us mothers out there who sometimes break down in public and come away from it wondering if everyone’s worrisome glances in our direction were pure scorn and judgment. How nice to be reminded that there are indeed people out there who will have looked on with sympathy and understanding.” Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. Why did Karen write the open letter? 17. What did Karen say about being a mother? 18. How did the other mothers respond to the open letter? To reassure a young mother who broke down. To criticize a young mother yelling at her baby. To share her own experience as a young mother. To discuss whether a mother should scream at her baby.

Obesity is set to overtake smoking as the leading preventable cause of cancer in women in the UK, a new report warns. Cancer Research UK estimated that 23,000 British women will suffer from obesity-related cancers by 2035— just 2,000 fewer than the number of cases caused by smoking. By 2043 obesity will become the most common cause of cancer in women if current trends continue, the charity found. Smoking is currently linked to 12.4% of cancers in UK women, compared to 7.5% that are caused by obesity, according to the British Journal of Cancer. The charity analyzed cancer incidence data between 1979 and 2014 to make the projections and used the results as a further call for national campaigns and legislation to reduce the prevalence of obesity by following the blueprint used for smoking campaigns. “Obesity is a huge public health threat right now, and it will only get worse if nothing is done,” said Linda Bauld, Cancer Research UK’s prevention expert. Over a quarter of the UK’s population is obese, and the country has the highest obesity rates in western Europe, according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. While the new study focuses on women, Charlotte Bevan, professor of cancer biology at Imperial College London, said that the trends are inevitable across both genders. Earlier this year, the health body urged the food industry to cut calories in everyday foods by a fifth, which they said could prevent 35,000 premature deaths annually. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. What does the new report warn British women about? 20. What can we learn about the UK’s population? 21. What did the health body in the UK do to prevent obesity? Obesity is going to be the leading preventable cause of cancer in women. Smoking is going to be the leading preventable cause of cancer in women. Obesity has become the leading cause of cancer in western Europe. Smoking has become the leading cause of cancer in eastern Europe.

At the start of each school year, millions of parents buy their children new backpacks. Many are constantly worried that not choosing the right bag could leave their kids with long-term back or spinal pain. But Dr. Michael Holmes, of Brock University in Ontario, Canada, says there is no evidence that backpacks can cause back pain or damage to the spine. In fact, he says, not going for a backpack— and opting for a shoulder bag— could be what causes the real harm. Some studies have found an association between how a child carries a backpack and changes in head and neck posture. However, a review published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine back in May looked at five longitudinal studies and 63 cross-sectional studies on this subject. The authors found that most of the evidence of the link between backpacks and back pain came from cross-sectional studies, which only measured the pain at a single point. But the evidence is not considered as strong as longitudinal studies, which follow participants over a period of time. Dr. Holmes says purchasing a good pack is only half the battle. It needs to be worn properly. He says parents should teach children to wear backpacks with both shoulder straps, encourage them to store what they don’t need in their lockers and desks, and to be active to help prevent injuries. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. What are many parents worried about at the start of each school year? 23. What does Dr. Michael Homes say? 24. What does the review published in May find about the link between backpacks and back pain? 25. What should parents do according to Dr. Holmes? Their kids might undertake too much homework. How to choose backpacks for their kids. Kids might have problems in adapting to new environment. Choosing the wrong bag could hurt their kids’ back.

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