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In Britain there is a National Health Service (NHS) which is paid for by taxes and National Insurance, and in general people do not have to pay for medical treatment. Every person is registered with a doctor in his or her local area, known as a general practitioner (全科医生) or GP. This means that their names are on the GP’s list, and they may make an appointment to see the doctor or may call the doctor out to visit them if they are ill. People sometimes do have to pay part of the cost of drugs that the doctor prescribes. GPs are trained in general medicine but are not specialists in any particular subject. If a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, they must first go to their GP and then the GP will make an appointment for the patient to see a specialist at a hospital or clinic.
Although everyone in Britain can have free treatment under the NHS, it is also possible for him to have treatment done privately, for which he has to pay. Some people have private health insurance to help them pay for private treatment. Under the NHS, people who need to go to hospital may have to wait for a long time on a waiting list for their treatment. Anyone who is very ill can call an ambulance (救护车) and get taken to hospital for free urgent medical treatment. Ambulances are a free service in Britain.
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Most of us grow up taking certain things for granted. We tend to assume that experts and religious leaders tell us “the truth“. We tend to believe that things advertised on television or in newspapers can’t be bad for us.
However, encouragement of critical thinking in students is one of the goals of most colleges and universities. Few professors require students to share the professors’ own beliefs. In general, professors are more concerned that students learn to question and critically examine the arguments of others, including some of their own beliefs or values. This does not mean that professors insist that you change your beliefs, either. It does mean, however, professors will usually ask you to support the views you express in class or in your writing.
If your premises (前提) are shaky, or if your arguments are not logical, professors personally point out the false reasoning in your arguments. Most professors want you to learn to recognize the premises of your arguments, to examine whether you really accept these premises, and to understand whether or not you draw logical conclusions. Put it this way: Professors don’t tell you what to think; they try to teach you how to think.
On the other hand, if you intend to disagree with your professors in class, you should be prepared to offer a strong argument in support of your ideas. Arguing just for the sake of arguing usually does not promote a critical examination of ideas. Many professors interpret it as rudeness.
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Dear Mr. Williams:
Your advertisement in this morning’s paper for manager of public relations appeals to me. I found the wording of your advertisement quite attractive with emphasis on leadership, initiative, and flexibility. And my experience and qualifications indicate that I am the person you are seeking.
The enclosed resume indicates my experience in the area of public relations and management communications. I am quite familiar with the kinds of issues and problems that you have to deal with.
I’d like to draw your attention to page 2 of my resume, on which I describe my concept of public relations. And I am most eager to put this concept into practice to prove it to you.
Although I have been very happy with my present employer and colleagues, I am more willing to join your company where I can assume even broader responsibility.
I am free to travel and open to relocation. I would welcome the opportunity to meet you and to further discuss how I may benefit your organization. Please call me at 0411-89726374 to arrange an interview at your earliest convenience.
Sincerely yours,
Stephen Smith
An Application Letter
Applicant:【R1】______
Position applied for: the manager of【R2】______
Requirements emphasized in the ad: 1. leadership
2. initiative
3.【R3】______Expectation of the applicant: to assume【R4】______
Contact telephone number 0411-89726374
Purpose of the letter asking for【R5】______
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1. Planning and making calls
2. Opening a call
A—Identifying yourself C—Explaining the purpose of the call
B—Identifying the caller D—Asking about the purpose of the call
3. Closing a call
E—Confirmation (确认) G—Saying goodbye
F—Closing words H—Thanking
4. Taking and leaving messages
I—Excuses L—Repeating
J—Messages M—Reassuring (消除疑虑)
K—Taking notes
5. Telephoning practice activities
N—Describing people and places P—Making complaints (抱怨)
0—Making appointments Q—Making inquiries
Example：(Q)查询 (1)打电话前的准备
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(Website) Visitor Agreement
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Phone: (512) 912-251
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