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Look at the statements below and the five extracts from newspaper articles about Chinese CPI figures in five months on the opposile page.
Which extract(A, B, C, D or E)does each statement(1-8)refer to?
For each statement(1-8), mark one letter(A, B, C, D or E)on your Answer Sheet.
You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
There is an example at the beginning(0).
Example:
0 In the last two months, CR growth rate dropped.
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A
The CPI surged 8. 7 percent in February year on year, the highest rise for this key inflation figure in over a decade. The February figure was 1.6 percentage points higher than that of January. Normally, a 3-percent growth of CPI is regarded as inflation. The CPI growth rate cast a shadow over the Chinese economy and put the government in a tight spot. The government could continue to take monetary measures such as interest rate hikes, but it would be against the international trend of interest rate cuts since the global economy has been on the recession track due to the U. S. subprime mortgage crisis. Further rate hikes would draw in speculative currency, which might lead to problems such as liquidity.
B
The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer for inflation, grew 7.7 percent in May year on year, 0.8 percentage points lower than that in April, according to the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS). It came as no surprise for financial institutions that the CPI dropped in May month on month, as food price, a major trigger for this round of inflation, dropped considerably thanks to an abundant summer supply. There is no quick fix yet to cure inflation. But Song Guoqing, economics professor of Peking University, stated the most efficient and simple way to control inflation is to control money supply. He called on the central bank to strictly reinforce stringent monetary policy to resolve inflation pressure.
C
The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer for inflation at the retail level, grew 6. 3 percent in July year on year. The year-on-year growth rate slowed compared with the CPI’s 7.1-percent growth rate in June. But month-on-month growth accelerated 0. 1 percentage point from June to July. Inflation pressure also gained momentum after dropping in May and June. Food prices, which account for one third of the CPI basket and are considered as a major trigger of this round of inflation, rose 14.4 percent in July.
D
“Combating inflation“ ceased to be the government’s priority as the consumer price index(CPI)growth rate continued to drop. Instead, the government has switched the focus of the country’s macro-control policies to “maintain growth“ against the backdrop of the global economic downturn. In September, the CPI grew 4.6 percent year on year, but fell 0.3 percentage points compared with that of August. The CPI growth rate dropped for five consecutive months, demonstrating that government efforts to cap runaway inflation were paying off. Economists expect inflationary pressure to continue to ease in the fourth quarter.
E
The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer of inflation, was down 0.3 percent in October compared with that of September. The National Bureau of Statistics(NBS)said the CPI’s year-on-year growth in October was 4 percent, the lowest growth rate in 17 months. The government has made “reining in inflation“ its top economic priority since the middle of last year, when citizens were hit with soaring costs of living. Afterwards, six rounds of interest rate hikes and other measures to cool the economy paid off as economic growth slowed amid the global financial turmoil.
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Read this text about an brief introduction of advertising.
Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
For each gap(9-14), mark one letter(A-H)on your Answer Sheet.
Do not use any letter more than once.
There is an example at the beginning(0).
Advertising
The primary function of advertising is to communicate marketing objectives to selected target audience. It is used to accomplish a number of tasks, using different media vehicles, reaching diverse audience, and gaining interest with a number of creative approaches. However, despite the seemingly endless channels for utilizing advertising, it is basically a marketing communication tool. When we examine unsuccessful advertising campaigns, we often find that advertising was used to accomplish inappropriate tasks. Successful advertising must be oriented to specific objective.(0).G...
Effective advertising is an extension of basic marketing plans and is derived from it. However, advertising goals are not the same as marketing goals. The marketing staff sets the marketing goals or objectives.【P1】______ It also determines how these resources will be distributed to specific target markets and what sales objective can be expected over time and geography.
Advertising goals are communication objectives designed to reach the target audience with the appropriate message. Ad. goals are based on marketing objectives, but they are not the same as marketing goals.
Note that advertising goals are based on improving communication and consumer attitudes toward a product.【P2】______Obviously, even sophisticated corporations of ten confuse marketing and advertising goals.
Advertising is the communication arm of the marketing process.【P3】______ Advertising has many roles. It is designed to dispose a person to buy a product, to change minds, or even to advocate less consuming(“ demarketing“).【P4】______ Most advertising, however, is for the marketing of goods and services.
Advertising is also the everyday culture of virtually every American. It is estimated that the average person sees or hears as many as 1,200 ads and commercials each day.【P5】______ It mirrors this environment and also brings about subtle changes in the behaviour of the publics that uses it. It is no wonder that advertising is one of the. most scrutinized of all business enterprises.
【P6】______ Advertisers are viewed in many ways by the public they serve. Manufacturers are asking for more tangible evidence of advertising’s role in the selling process, and the media are constantly seeking higher advertising rates to cover spiritual expenses. At the same time, the audiences that advertisers seek are becoming even more fragmented. Consumers, despite seemingly fascinated with advertising’s creative process, tend to become more cynical and disbelieving about its claims.
Example:[*]
A It is a method of delivering a message from a sponsor, through a formal communication channel, to a desired audience.
B It may be used to help elect a candidate, raise money for charity, or support a cause.
C The marketing department decides how to allocate resources to various tasks, including advertising.
D Advertising is part of the social, cultural, and business environment.
E Today, advertising is functioning in a changing economic and social climate.
F It is interesting to note that a survey indicated that a majority of companies wanted to measure advertising success based on sales.
G Before we can determine advertising objectives, it is advisable to distinguish between marketing and advertising goals.
H We’re now living in an advertising age.
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Read the following article about forms of business ownership and the questions on the opposite page.
For each question(15-20), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet.
Forms of Business Ownership
A business may have a small beginning as a sole proprietorship, later expand into a partnership, and finally become a corporation. Many corporate giants started as sole proprietoriships.
Sole Proprietorships
The oldest, most common form of private business ownership is the sole proprietorship. A sole proprietorship is a business owned and managed by one individual. That person may receive help from others in operating the business but is the only boss; the sole proprietor is the company.
Typically the sole proprietor owns a small service or retail operation, such as a roadside produce stand, hardware store, bakery, or restaurant. The sole owner, often sided by one or two employees, operates a small shop that often supplies goods to a group of regular customers. The capital(money)needed to start and operate the business is normally provided by the owner through personal wealth or borrowed money.
The sole proprietor is usually an active manager, working in the ship every day. He or she controls the operations, supervises the employees, and makes the decisions. The managerial ability of the owner usually accounts for the success or failure of the business.
Many people desire to be their own boss;. A sole proprietorship accomplishes this goal; it has other advantages as well. Sole proprietorship is the easiest way to start a business. The sole owner has all profits earned or losses by operation. Another advantage of the proprietorship is that the business pays no income tax. It is also easy to close a business. A sole proprietorship also has disadvantages, for example, unlimited liability, difficulty in raising capital, limitations in managerial ability, demands on time, difficulty in hiring and keeping high a-chievement employees, and etc.
Partnerships
There are three major types of partnerships. A general partnership is a business with at least one general partner who has unlimited liability for the debts of the business. A limited partnership has at least one or more limited partners. The joint venture is a special type of partnership established to carry out a special project or to operate for a specific time period.
The advantages of a partnership include the following: more capital, combined managerial skills, ease of starting, tax advantages, and etc. The disadvantages of a partnership include the following: unlimited liability, disagreements among partners, investment withdrawal difficulty, limited capital and etc.
Corporations
Some industries, such as automobile manufacturing, computer manufacturing, oil refining, and natural gas production, require millions of dollars to operate a business. Typically such vast sums of money are put together by attracting many investors. The unincorporated forms of business—the proprietorship and the partner-ship—do not attract investors who do not want to make decisions or to be actually involved in managing the firm. The corporation, by contrast, provides a form of business ownership in which owners spread over a wide geographical area can hire professional managers to operate the business. It has the legal rights of an individual: it can own property, purchase goods and services, and sue other persons or corporations. The advantages of a corporation include the following: limited liability, skilled management team, transfer of ownership, greater capital base, and etc. the disadvantages of a corporation include the following: difficulty and expenses of starting, lack of control right to the operation, government involvement, lack of personal interest, double taxation, credit limitations.
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Read the article below about mortgage adviser.
Choose the correct word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.
For each question(21-30), mark one letter(A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet.
There is an example at the beginning(0)
MORTGAGE: PRICELESS ADVICE
Advisers work for banks, building societies, estate agents, mortgage and insurance brokers and also(0). D.... independent mortgage advisers. Some gain further qualifications to become a financial adviser, who can【C1】______a sizeable pay rise.
Common【C2】______is as a customer service adviser in a bank or as an insurance technician or mortgage administrator in a brokerage firm,【C3】______ to mortgage advice as you gain qualifications【C4】______ by the Financial Services Authority(FSA).
Required qualifications【C5】______mortgage advisers include the Chartered Insurance Institute(CII)【C6】______ in mortgage advice and the School of Finance certificate in mortgage advice and practice. It is possible to study for these by distance learning. This is a career that requires advisers to【C7】______ up to date with new financial products and regulations. CII and the ifs School of Finance offer courses and formal【C8】______professional development schemes.
“There are【C9】______ highs and lows with this job but the highs far outweigh the lows. You have to be able to take frustration and then move on and find the answers. What you really must have is an understanding of the wider economy and the industry. Outside of that you have to be a great listener and be able to【C10】______with your clients and you must be a people person. New clients are buying you as much as the service.“ said Paul Newman, senior mortgage and protection consultant at independent mortgage adviser John Charcol’s head office in Chancery Lane, London.
Example:
A to B for C of D as
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Read the article below about ToyLearn, a start-up company developing educational tools for children.
For each question(31-40), write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
There is an example at the beginning(0).
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ToyLearn is an exciting start-up company that has developed(0).line of educational tools for children【B1】______are fun and engaging. The company has been founded by the husband and wife team of David and Jen Funster and is registered【B2】______ an Ohio S-Corp. ToyLearn will be profitable【B3】______the end of year one and will have a steep increase in sales for the first several years.
The company is initially offering three different educational toys. The first is Number-Toy, a fun toy that teaches children number skills. The【B4】______ product is LetterToy which has the name hints, and helps children quickly conquer the【B5】______ The third product is PhonicToy, a device that resembles a mini PC and teaches phonic and math skills. While all the products are educational tools that develop core skills【B6】______ the youngster users, they are fun to play with, thereby encouraging tots to use them often. New products are currently in development by the in-house department.
The company has identified three keys to success that are instrumental in the sustainability of the business. Number one is the need to develop creative, educational, engaging toys. The second key is【B7】______ adopt strict financial controls. The last key to success is the need to listen to customers, effectively creating a feedback mechanism for product improvement.
We have identified two customer segments that we will go【B8】______The first group is individual. These are parents or grandparents who are purchasing the product for their children. The segment is growing【B9】______8% per year and currently has 3,354,430 perspective customers. The second market segment that will be addressed is wholesale purchasers, typically organisations that are purchasing the products for their clients to use. These organisations are typically some sort【B10】______care centre or nursery/ pre-school. The segment is growing annually at 10% with 702,335 possible customers.
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Read the business cover letter below.
In most of the lines(41-52), there is one extra word. It either is grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.
If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.
If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
The exercise begins with two examples(0 and 00).
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0 Suzanne Smith, a regional sales manager at Cure-AII, suggested I will write to you
00 regarding a possible full-time staff position in your sales department.
【M1】______I have heard a great deal about Cure-AII over the few years and know it is a
【M2】______well-respected and innovative leader in the pharmaceuticals industry. I would love the
【M3】______opportunity to begin with my professional career at such an organisation. I am
【M4】______graduating from the Saint Michael’s College in May with a major in Economics.
【M5】______Through my academic training, I have been acquired a firm understanding
【M6】______of which business practices and the business applications of computers.
【M7】______My previous employment has involved in extensive customer service and retail sales.
【M8】______In addition, for the past two years when I have been employed at Dale Associates
【M9】______in Burlington, Vermont, as a research assistant, a position that has made me most
【M10】______familiar with a wide variety of resources and research tools. As a result
【M11】______of these experiences, I have developed on the technical, organisational and
【M12】______interpersonal skills being necessary to succeed in a major pharmaceutical company.
