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Academic records from other institutions often become part of a university’s official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated. borrowed purchased copied rewritten
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While serving in the Senate in the early 1970’s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environmental problems. list forbid handle investigate
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Gambling is lawful in Nevada. legal irresistible enjoyable profitable
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Many of their ideas are being incorporated into orthodox medical treatment. acceptable conservative western conventional
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Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous. unheard of unacceptable unbelievable ridiculous
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Guests were scared when the bomb exploded. frightened killed endangered rescued
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Microchip Research Center Created
A research center has been set up in this Far Eastern country to develop advanced micro-chip production technology. The center, which will start out with about US ＄14 million, will help the country develop its chip industry without always depending on imported technology.
The center will make use of its research skills and facilities to develop new technology for domestic chip plants. The advent of the center will possibly free the country from the situation that it is always buying almost-outdated technologies from other countries, said the country’s flagship chipmaker. Currently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments don’t allow them to import the most advanced technologies, fearing they will be used for military purposes. Moreover, the high licensing fees they have to pay to technology providers are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance.
As mainstream chip production technology shifts from one generation to the next every three to five years, plants with new technology can make more powerful chips at lower costs, while plants with outdated equipment, which often cost billions of dollars to build, will be marginalized by the maker.
More than 10 chip plants are being built, each costing millions of US dollars. The majority of that money goes to overseas equipment vendors and technology owners -- mainly from Japan and Singapore.
Should the new center play a major role in improving the situation in the industry, the country admits the US ＄14 million investment is still rather small. This country is developing comprehensive technologies. Most of the investment will be spent on setting alliances with technology and intellectual property owners.The country says that the investment of US ＄14 million is big enough for developing that country’s chip industry. Right Wrong Not mentioned
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LED Lighting
1 An accidental discovery announced recently has taken LED lighting to a new level, suggesting it could soon offer a cheaper, longer-lasting alternative to the traditional light bulb. The breakthrough adds to a growing trend that is likely to eventually make Thomas Edison’s bright invention obsolete. LEDs are already used in traffic lights, flashlights, and architectural lighting. They are flexible and operate less expensively than traditional lighting.
2 Michael Bowers, a graduate student2 at Vanderbilt University, was just trying to make really small quantum dots, which are crystals generally only a few nanometers big. Quantum dots contain anywhere from 100 to 1,000 electrons. They’re easily excited bundles of energy, and the smaller they are, the more excited they get. Each dot in Bowers’ particular batch was exceptionally small, containing only 33 or 34 pairs of atoms.
3 When you shine a light on quantum dots or apply electricity to them, they react by producing their own light, normally a bright, vibrant color. But when Bowers shined a laser on his batch of dots, something unexpected happened. He was surprised when a white glow covered the table. The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light, but instead they were giving off a beautiful white glow.
4 Then Bowers and another student got the idea to stir the dots into polyurethane and coat a blue LED light bulb with the mix. The lumpy bulb wasn’t pretty, but it produced white light similar to a regular light bulb.
5 LEDs produce twice as much light as a regular 60 watt bulb and burn for over 50,000 hours. The Department of Energy estimates LED lighting could reduce U. S. energy consumption for lighting by 29 percent by 2025. LEDs don’t emit heat, so they’re also more energy efficient. And they’re much harder to break.
6 Quantum dot mixtures could be painted on just about anything and electrically excited to produce a rainbow of colors, including white. The main light source of the future will almost surely not be a bulb. It might be a table, a wall, or even a fork.A LED Lighting Is Not Mature
B LED Lighting Will Replace Traditional Lighting
C Almost Everything Could Be the Main Light Source in the Future
D LED Lighting Has Many Advantages
E Bowers Made an Unexpected Discovery
F LED Light Bulbs Look Lumpy
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Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers
Young female chimps are faster and better learners than young male chimps, suggests a new study, echoing learning differences seen in human girls and boys
While young male chimps pass their time playing, young female chimps carefully study their mothers. AS a result, they learn how to fish for tasty termite snacks over two years before the boys.
Elizabeth Lonsdorf, now at Lincoln Park Zoo in .Chicago, US, and colleagues at the University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, spent four years watching how young ’chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania learned “cultural behavior“.
The sex differences in learning behavior were “consistent and strikingly apparent“, says the team. The researchers point out that similar differences are seen in human children with regard to skills such as writing. “A sex-based learning differences may therefore date back at least to the last common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans,“ they write in the journal Nature.
Chimps make flexible tools from vegetation and then insert them into termite mounds, extract them and then munch the termites clinging onto the tool The researchers used video cameras to record this feeding behavior and found that each chimp mother had her own technique, such as how she used tools of different lengths;
Analysis of the six infants whose ages were known showed that girl chimps were an average of 31 months old when they succeeded in fishing out their termites, Where the boy chimps were aged 58 months on average. Females were also more skillful at getting out more termites with every dip and used techniques similar to their mothers while males did not.
Instead of studying their mothers, the boy chimps spent a significantly greater amount of time frolicking around the termite mound. Behaviors such as playing or swinging might help the male infants later in life when typically male activities like hunting or fighting for dominance become important, suggest the researchers.
Lonsdorf adds that there are just two main sources of animal portein for chimps -- the termites or colobus monkeys. “Mature males often hunt monkeys up trees, but females are almost always either pregnant or burdened with a clinging infant. This makes hunting difficult,“ she says. “Adult females spend more time fishing, for termites than males.“ So becoming proficient at termite fishing could mean adult females eat better. “They can watch their offspring at the same time. The young of both sexes seem to pursue activities related to their adult sex roles at a very young age.“Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chirnps at fishing for termites? Because young female chimps don’t play with their brothers. Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlier. Because young male chimps never learn to fish for termites. Because young male chimps are not interested in termites.
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The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself
Companies are paying up to $10,000 to register a domain name on the Internet even though there is no guarantee that they will get the name they want.
The task of registering domains ending in. com, org, .edu and. net is at present contracted out by the US government to the Virginia-based company Network Solutions. The contract runs out this year, and the government wants to bring in a different scheme.
But last year, an ad hoc committee of the Internet’s great and good revealed its own plan. This involved setting up seven new domains, each indicating the kind of business or organisation using that name. The committee recruited 88 companies around the world to act as registrars for its firm, . shop, . web, . arts, . rec, . info and. nom domains. The US government has still to give the system its blessing, and may yet push ahead with its original scheme. Despite this, the 88 registrars have been taking applications for several months. They are due to start registering names this month with the Internet Council of Registrars, which grew out of the ad hoc committee.
To prevent conflicting names from being registered, the council will take one name from each registrar in mm before going back for the second name in their queues, and so on. This has led to a flourishing trade, with companies trying to buy a place near the head of the queue. Global Names of Singapore is charging $10,000 to make sure a request for a name is the first one it sends off to the central database. Other registrars are charging nonrefundable deposits for places at the top of the queue. David Maher, chairman of the Policy Oversight Committee that is helping to set up and oversee the system, says that all registrars are subject to local laws regarding consumer protection and competition. But he says that the committee “will not act as an enforcement body in this area.“The domain .name “. edu“ is operated by the US government. the company Network Solutions. Internet Council of Registrars. both A and B
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Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass
In January, 2003, the eastern two-thirds of the United States was at the mercy of a bitterly cold air mass that has endangered Florida’s citrus trees, choked northern harbors with ice and left bewildered residents of North Carolina’s .Outer Banks digging out of up to a foot of snow.
The ice chill deepened as temperatures fell to the single digits in most of the South, with an unfamiliar dip below the freezing mark as far south as parts of interior South Florida. Temperatures in Florida plunged, with West Palm Beach dropping to a record low of 2 degrees.
“We couldn’t believe how cold it was,“ smd Martin King, who arrived this week in Orlando from England. “We brought shorts, T-shirt, and I had to go out and buy another coat.“
The temperature plunge posed a threat to Florida’s US $9.1 billion-a-year citrus crop, more of which is still on the trees. Growers were hurrying to harvest as much of the fruit as possible before it was damaged by cold.
“Time is of the essence in getting fruit to the plant,“ said Tom Rogers, a citrus grower who. expected to see damage to oranges and grapefruit at that time.
In Florida, Governor Jeb Bush signed an emergency order to eliminate the weight limit on trucks so citrus growers could get as much fruit to market as possible.
Casey Pace, a spokeswoman for Florida Citrus Mutual, said growers had sprayed trees with sprinklers, which created a layer of ice and helped maintain a temperature near freezing. Citrus frees are considered in danger of damage if the temperature drops below minus 2 degrees Celsius for four hours or mote. Snow ranging from a dusting to up to 30 centimeters blanketed the Carolinas, Tennessee and pans of Virginia.Which of the following statements is not meant in the first two paragraphs? The cold air mass was a threat to Florida’s citrus crop. The temperature in the United States except the South dropped below’the freezing mark. The northern harbors were blocked with ice. The eastern two thirds of the United States was hit by. cold air mass.
